Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Biocoenosis, Chemotroph, Chemical Energy

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beigereindeer807

5 Dec 2011

School

Western University

Department

Biology

Course

Biology 1001A

Professor

Beth Mac Dougall- Shackleton

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Document Summary

Terms: community: all of the organisms living in some defined place, ecosystem: a biotic community and its abiotic environment functioning as a system, ecosystems are open, not closed systems. Two major activities in ecosystems: production and consumption: 4 major functional components: Producers (autotrophs): green plants, fixing energy from the sun and creating organic material from carbon dioxide and energy. Consumers (heterotrophs): includes decomposers, requires other living organisms to feed off. Light energy, harvested by photoautotrophs: chemical energy, harvested by chemoautotrophs, most energy that is fixed is done via photosynthesis. Nutrients: chemical elements or compounds needed for growth or reproduction. Micronutrients (nutrients needed in very small quantities such as selenium), macronutrients (nutrients needed in larger quantities such as oxygen or carbon: nutrient sources: Decomposition and nutrient cycling: nutrients cycle through: Energy flows up the food web: energy flows from source through primary producers through consumers and decomposers. Ecological inefficiency: some energy lost at each transfer between levels.

Related Questions

1) A chemoautotroph would use _____ as an energy source.

A	carbon dioxide

B	chemical bonds within high energy molecules

sunlight

D	heat energy

2) A photoheterotroph would use _____ as a source of carbon atoms.

A	high energy organic molecules (e.g., sugars)

sunlight

C	carbon dioxide

D	inorganic molecules

3) Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. These two groups differ in _____.

A	their electron acceptors

B	their mode of nutrition

C	the way that they generate ATP

D	their sources of energy

Contrast the sources of energy and carbon for photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs, and chemoheterotrophs

11. As energy flows through the food web in an ecosystem, the amount of energy that is transferred from one trophic level to the next trophic level increases. stays the same. decreases. may increase or decrease, depending upon the system.

12. Autotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by breaking down tissues of organisms that have died. harness external energy sources to produce complex chemical compounds. depend directly on primary producers for their energy and nutrients. eat other autotrophs to obtain energy.

13. Which of the following gives the correct order for energy flow through an ecosystem? primary producers â secondary producers â tertiary producers primary consumers â primary producers â secondary producers secondary consumers â primary consumers â primary producers primary producers â primary consumers â secondary consumers

14. Which one of the following aspects of plant biology is not directly involved in maintaining an adequate supply of water for the entire plant? phloem roots xylem transpiration pull

15. Which structure(s) do most plants use to acquire the energy that they need for cellular processes? the roots the leaves the stem

Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Biocoenosis, Chemotroph, Chemical Energy

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