MGY377H1 Final: Study notes for exam

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redtermite204

27 Dec 2011

School

UTSG

Department

Molecular Genetics and Microbiology

Course

MGY377H1

Professor

William Navarre

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Document Summary

Primary pathogens cause disease in healthy hosts. Opportunistic pathogens cause disease only in immunocompromised patients. Virulence measure of severity of disease. Ld50 amount needed to kill half of host population. Infection cycle route an organism takes from one individual to another. Horizontal transmission from one member of a species to another: can occur via fomites, inanimate objects, or vectors like animals. Vertical transmission - from parent to child. Accidental transmission host who is not part of the normal infectious cycle unintentionally encounters that cycle. Reservoir animal, bird, insect that normally harbours the pathogen. Pathogens use portals of entry best suited to their mechanisms of pathogenesis: by mouth food or waterborne pathogens, respiratory tract airborne pathogens. Immunopathogensis occurs when immune system s response to an infection damages host cells or tissues. Protein or gene that allows pathogen to cause disease. Virulence genes may be found on pathogenicity islands in the chromosome, plasmids, or even on phage genomes.

Related Questions

List 2 Fungi infectious disease:

1. Causative agent:

2. Description of pathogen:

3. Reservoir / where the pathogen is found:

4. Name of disease:

5. Major symptoms of disease:

6. Treatments:

7. Reservoir and how the pathogen is transmitted:

ceruleancricket578

Many microbes are not pathogenic. Their infections do not result in disease states. This assumes and implies that the immune system is capable of controlling them. When these organisms cause disease, we refer to them as opportunistic pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one such organism; it does not cause disease in healthy individuals, but it causes serious wound infections with fatal outcome in burn patients, and its is also very serious in cystic fibrosis patients. Explain why in these patients, the second line of defense fails to control this microbe, whereas it is very effective in healthy individuals.