BIOC21H3 Lecture : Lec 1

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cerisealligator589

11 Jan 2012

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Y 13 fixation: tissue preserved in appearance just as seen in body, doctor puts it into fixative, and cause hardening and terminate cell metabolism** want metabolism to stop because apoptosis! cell responds to cell stress to activate certain genes to disassemble cell. crosslink proteins keep proteins wherever they were last. Can be used to determine locations of proteins w. n cells at a particular time. If want to embed cell in plastic or wax, need to replace water with wax/plastic. In order to do tht, need to remove water and put in solvent that is miscible with wax: histoclear/toluene, neither soluble in water either. Bind to acidic structures because the dye is acidic via salt bridge. (+ with-: e-synthetic, derived from coal, and binds to bases. Acidic dye binding to bases, forming salt bridge: anything binding h is known as basophilic likes bases. Thoses structures that are basophilic are acidic in nature.

Related Questions

In human gutmicrobiome, it is proposed that the most inner layer of bacterialcells (most close to the epithelial cells) is composed ofmicro-aerobes. These bacteria grow relatively faster and harvestenergy from diet better than strict anaerobes in the gut. Could youspeculate certain unique features of those micro-aerobes in energygeneration and cell metabolism?

It has been shown indifferent biofilm-forming bacteria that secreted small moleculesand proteins can trigger biofilm disassembly and cell dispersal inlate stages during biofilm development. Can you provide two suchexamples and discuss with molecular details how disassembly anddispersal occur? (Please read extra references ifnecessary)

Protein dynamics(accumulation and localization) plays a key role in Caulobactercrescentus development. Cell cycle control in C.crescentus is composed of four key regulatory proteins. Pleaseprovide two examples to explain why protein dynamics is criticalfor C. crescentus cell differentiation.

rubybee470

Which of the following is a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?

a .It is a specific response against microbial antigen

b. It includes inflammation.

c. It activates the alternative complement pathway.

d. It includes defenses on the body surfaces.

2. C-reactive protein is an opsonin because it:

a. creates a channel in bacterial membranes

b. increases C3b binding to a microbe.

c. forms the pathogen-associated molecular patterns.

d. enhances phagocytosis.

3. The rapid increase in antibody production after repeated exposures to the same antigen is due to:

a. antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

b. higher levels of IgE

c. presence of memory cells.

d. clonal proliferation of NK cells

4. Cytotoxic T cells can kill cancer cells by:

a. inducing apoptosis with granzyme.b. release of membrane attack complex.

c. activate the production of complement C3b

d. phagocytosis of opsonized cells.

5. Which event is not required for the activation of helper T cells?

a. The presence of interleukin-1

b. Binding of CD8 receptors

c. Binding of matching non-antigenic proteins of the antigen-presenting cel

d. Presentation of an antigen bound to class II MHC

plumworm266

38. T or F. Every protein, as it emerges from the ribosome, begins with methionine.

39. T or F. Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the free energy of the products of a
particular reaction. This makes the reaction more energetically favorable and thus more
likely to occur.

40. T or F. At the termination of translation, a release factor binds to the ribosome at the A
site and causes the ribosome to add a water molecule, instead of another amino acid, to
the amino acid in the P site.

41. T or F. A parallel plate flow chamber can be used to expose a surface to a known
magnitude of shear stress. This can help investigate the response of cells to shear
stress and to clarify the intracellular signaling pathways that are activated by shear
stress.

BIOC21H3 Lecture : Lec 1

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