BIOC21H3 Lecture : lec 11 -nervous tissues

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cerisealligator589

11 Jan 2012

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About 1 hr long, same format as last time. Final mostly focused on the latter half of the course. y spinal cord motor neurons in ventral horns, mstly cell bodies, but also afferent and efferent nerve fibres: allows for comm. Long axon leaves spinal cord to reach final target from that cell body firing an ap. that axon is still nervous tissue, still moving ap, so there are certain concentrations of ions associated with this axon. If u want ap to be unchanged wrt ion concentrations, need it to be isolated from the rest of the body. Ions fluctuate throughout body recall calcium levels from ob and oc y if u have the wrong concen of sodium, chloride, k, coud. supporting cells ensure msg treamistted from cns is sent to its target without being changed. recall cns there is a clear sep between nervous and non nervous tissue.

Related Questions

Insulin is released frompancreatic b cellswhen blood glucose levels increase and glucagon isreleased from pancreatic a cells when blood glucose levelsdecrease. Blood glucose concentration is tightly controlled and atthe basic level it appears that glucose binds toGLUT2 receptors on b cells increasing the concentrationof ATP because of the increased concentration of glucose in thesecells. The increase in ATP decreases potassium concentrations and calcium channels are opened leading toinsulin secretion. There are, however, a number of otherinsulin/glucagon regulators such as amino acids,catecholamines, insulin, neurotransmitters and free fattyacids. Consequently the search for causes of obesity requirescareful focus and much of current research focuses on GProtein Coupled Receptors.Which of thefollowing is not of special interest to those studying GPCR andtheir involvement in diabetes andobesity?

a. allelic (SNP)differences in the extracellular domain of GPCRs between obese andcontrols

b. classes ofGPCRs found in target tissues thought to be associated withobesity

c.a subunits associated withG proteins in tissues thought to be associated withobesity

d. the role ofuncoupling mitochondrial membrane proteins in targettissues

e. the binding ofmolecules other than glucose to GPCRs on target tissues

mauvesardine200

What muscle type has the lowest concentration of Ca-AtPase

A. Smooth muscle

B.Cardiac Muscle

C. Skeletal Muscle

Why Does smooth muscle consume less oxygen per unit ofcontraction compared to skeletal muscle?

a. the bers are smaller

b.there are fewer mitochondria

c. the myosin ATPase is slower

d. the fivers are elctrically coupled

e. all of the above

A post-ganglionic neuron's dendrite expresses nicotinccholinergic receptors and the axon targets the ventricles. Thisneuron is:

a. from the sympathetic branch of the automic nervous system

b. from the parasympatheic branch of the automic nervoussystem

c. a somatic efferent neuron

ochreduck193

1a. Suppose you take simultaneous blood samples from a carotid artery and a jugular vein and measure the concentration of LH in each sample. Which sample would you expect to have the greater concentration of LH? Why?

b. Scientists have discovered several peptide hormones that are produced in various peripheral tissues, but affect appetite, which is regulated by the central nervous system (specifically, the hypothalamus). It is unlikely that these large molecules can pass the blood-brain barrier. If so, then how can these blood-borne signals affect activity of the central nervous system? Where might these peptides act?

c. In rare occasions, human infants as young as one year of age undergo precocious puberty; that is, they display adult secondary sex traits. One of the major causes of this anomaly is a tumor in the medial-basal hypothalamus. Explain how such a tumor might cause this. (Hint: Recall that secondary sex traits develop in response to production of high levels of gonadal hormones).

BIOC21H3 Lecture : lec 11 -nervous tissues

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