BIOC21H3 Study Guide - Spinal Nerve, Epineurium

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cerisealligator589

11 Jan 2012

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5 main functions: y metabolically support neurons and blood vessels through transport of metabolites/wastes y between them. Isolate neurons from blood vessels by forming the pericascular feet and secreting glia limitan to form the bbb y provide scaffolding for blood vessels and neural tissue recall that there is very little connective tissue, if any, actually in neural tissue. Something is required to hold everything in place, and what does it is the network of cytoplasmic processes extending out from astrocytes: also, if damage occurs, its not like solid is left behind. Neural tissue undergoes liquifactic necrosis, so if cell dies, leaves empty space. Therefore astrocytes provide a network to support neural tissue. y also guides development of axons and dendrites, especially in early development: inhibits the regrowth of axons in the cns. This is a precautionary mechanism because the cns is ultimately the control centre for all aspects of the body.

Related Questions

Communication occurs within and between neurons in very specific ways that allows the information to be held to the standard of independence of identical signals stated in the neural doctrine (The hypothesis that the brain is composed of separate cells that are distinct structurally, metabolically, and functionally). For example, sodium is used to depolarize the cell in both the dendrites and the axon, but the channels are gated by different mechanisms that confer unique, functional responses. Using the example just given, explain how you understand the neural doctrine and the necessity of create these different types of signals. How is this process replicated in neural circuits, where hundreds of neurons are making contacts and all signaling with action potentials?

1) Tendons and ligaments are _____________, which means they lack ____________. This allows the tissue to become more compact, more dens, and therefore real strong. But, the drawback is due to this, they heal slowly if at all.

2) Since blood vessels consist of __________ muscle, they have the ability to dilate and constrict automatically.

3) Apply these terms; pseudostratified columnar and simple columnar cells to the appropriate decision.

a) These columnar cells exhibit nuclei that is arranged at different heights when comparing one cell to another. ________________

b) These columnar cells exhibit nuclei that are fairly uniform in height when comparing one cell to another. ________________

4) Cardiac muscle and skeletmal muscle cells are similar in many ways. However, the best way to differentiate between cardiac and skeletal muscle is to look for the presence of __________ in cardiac muscle.

5) Blood technically does not connect anything but it belongs in the connective tissue category because blood consists of a _________________.

byzantiumwater-buffalo765

Background

I am a computer programmer who is fascinated by artificialintelligence and artificial neural networks, and I am becoming morecurious about how biological neural networks work.

Context & what I think I understand

In digesting all I have been reading, I am beginning tounderstand that there are layers to neural networks. A front-linelayer of neurons may receive, for example, a visual stimulus suchas a bright light. That stimulus is taken in by the front-lineneurons, each of which produce a weighted electro-chemical responsethat results in a binary decision to pass an electrical chargethrough its axon to the dendrites of the tens of thousands ofneurons to which it is connected.

This process repeats through layers channeling the electricalsignals and focusing them based on their permutations untilultimately a charge is passed to a focused response mechanism suchas the nerves that control shrinking of the pupils.

Hopefully I got that correct.

Preamble to the question ;)

Assuming that I am not completely off-base with my basicunderstanding of how a biological neural network operates, I ambeginning to grasp how an input (stimulus) results in an output(response) such as motor movement or reflexes. That would just seemto be basic electricity of open and closed circuits.

HOWEVER, what confuzzles me still is how a memory is stored. Theanalogy to an electrical circuit breaks down here, for in a circuitI can't really stop the flow of electrons unless I dam up saidelectrons in a capacitor. If I do that, once the electrons arereleased (accessed), they are gone forever whereas a memoryendures.

So. . .

How the heck are memories constructed and stored in the humanbrain? Are they stored in a specific region? If so, where?

BIOC21H3 Study Guide - Spinal Nerve, Epineurium

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