PSY100H1 Lecture : LEC 8-Motivation
Motivation
z Refers to the moving force that energizes behaviour
Direction or goal of motives
Strength of motives
z Motives reflect biological and psychosocial needs
Maslow·s Hierarchy of Needs
Hypothalamic Regulation of Eating
z Hypothalamus receives information regarding nutrient levels in body
Lateral region
Stimulation induces eating
Lesions of the lateral region produce starvation
Ventromedial region
Lesions induce overeating
Stimulation inhibits eating
Sexual Motivation
z Hormones
Organizational effects: prenatal exposure to androgens alters the neural circuits in brain and
spinal cord
Adult behaviour of androgenized subject is masculine
In the absence of androgens, ´Nature·s impulse is to create a female«µ
Activational effects: alteration of adult levels of hormones can alter the intensity of a behaviour
that is modulated by that hormone
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z Pheromones
z Environmental cues
Evolutionary Analysis of Human Sexual Behaviour
z Parental investment
z Patterns of sexual activity
z Differences in mate preferences
z Jealousy
Sexual Orientation
z Sexual Orientation is the direction of attraction for a sexual partner
Homosexuality is the attraction for a person of the same-sex
z Twin studies document a biological basis for homosexuality
z Hormonal responses differ between homosexual and heterosexual men
Affiliation Motives
z The need to associate with others and maintain social bonds
z Companionship, friendship and love
z Evolutionary bases
z Safety, grooming, survival
z Rejection, loss of intimate, loneliness
z Anxiety, jealousy and depression
Achievement Motives
z Need for achievement refers to the need to do well, to succeed, and to avoid failure
Persons who have a high level of need for achievement tend to
Choose moderately difficult tasks
Enjoy being challenged
Avoid failure
Work more persistently
Enjoy success
Emotion
z Emotions reflect a ´stirred upµ state
z Emotions have valence, positive or negative
z Thought to have 3 components; physiological arousal, subjective experience and behavioural
expression
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PSY100H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
refers to the moving force that energizes behaviour. hypothalamus receives information regarding nutrient levels in body. lesions of the lateral region produce starvation. T organizational effects: prenatal exposure to androgens alters the neural circuits in brain and spinal cord. adult behaviour of androgenized subject is masculine. In the absence of androgens, natures impulse is to create a female . T activational effects: alteration of adult levels of hormones can alter the intensity of a behaviour that is modulated by that hormone www. notesolution. com. sexual orientation is the direction of attraction for a sexual partner. T homosexuality is the attraction for a person of the same-sex. twin studies document a biological basis for homosexuality. hormonal responses differ between homosexual and heterosexual men. the need to associate with others and maintain social bonds. need for achievement refers to the need to do well, to succeed, and to avoid failure.
