BIO120H1 Chapter 1-6: bio chapters 1-6 summaries
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What features of complex multicellular organisms are also present in their closest single-celled relatives? (Select all that apply.)
receptors for cell-cell signaling
cell differentiation
cell adhesion molecules
regulation of gene expression
Which one of the following are characteristics of eukaryotic cells but not of prokaryotic cells? | |||||||||
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Most biologists argue that the regulation of gene expression isconsiderably more complex in eukaryotes than in bacteria. List thefour factors that in your view make the largest contribution tothis perception.
Select the four correct statements.
1. | The coordinated regulation of sets of genes devoted to a singlefunction (e.g. metabolic pathways) allows minimal wasting of acell's resources on unneeded proteins and metabolites. |
2. | Multicellularity and cell-type specificity is frequent ineukaryotes and requires organisms to regulate large suites of genesin a cell-type-specific manner. |
3. | The chromatin structure of eukaryotic genomes allows thedifferential packaging of genes to be used in regulation. |
4. | Posttranslational processing of proteins allows cells toregulate the function of proteins after their synthesis by covalentmodification, transport, or both. |
5. | The extensive use of attenuation allows eukaryotes to fine-tunetranscriptional activity of a cell according to environmentalsignals. |
6. | Eukaryotic cells possess a nucleus, which separatestranscription from translation and allows RNA processing andtransport to be used in regulation. |