Management and Organizational Studies 2181A/B Chapter 3: Chapter 3 Review.docx

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Perception is the process of interpreting the messages of our senses to provide order and meaning to the environment. People base their actions on the interpretation of reality that their perceptual system provides, rather than on reality itself. Perception has three components: a perceiver, a target that is being perceived, and. Some situational context in which the perception is occurring. Each component influences the perceiver"s impression or interpretation of the target. The perceiver uses past experiences to develop expectations that affect current perceptions. Needs unconsciously influence perceptions by causing us to perceive what we wish to perceive. Perceptual defence is the tendency for the perceptual system to defend the perceiver against unpleasant emotions. People often see what they want to see and hear what they want to hear. Ambiguous targets are especially susceptible to interpretation and the addition of meaning. The perceiver does not or cannot use all the information provided by the target.