PSY100H1 Lecture : Psy100-Chapter 9.doc
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PSY100H1 Full Course Notes
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Motivation: factors that energies, direct, or sustain behaviour. Four essential qualities of motivational states: energizing, directive, persistence, differ in strength. Clark hull: proposed that when an animal is deprived of some need, a specific drive increases in proportion to the amount of deprivation (arousal). Some behaviours are motivated for their own sake. One of the hallmarks of childhood is curiosity, a mental state that leads to intrinsically motivated behavior. Learning theory: rewarded behaviours increase in frequency, rewarding intrinsically motivated behaviours would reinforce them. Evidence that extrinsic rewards can undermine intrinsic motivation and decrease the rewarded behaviour. Self-perception theory: states that people are seldom aware of their specific motives and draw inferences about their motivation on the basis of what seems to make the most sense. Need-to-belong theory: need for interpersonal attachments is a fundamental motive that has evolved for adaptive purposes. Social exclusion theory: anxiety warns you that you may be facing rejection from the group.
