POL201Y1 Lecture Notes - Nelson Mandela, Berlin Wall, Social Forces
Document Summary
Wave definition: a group of transitions from non-democratic to democratic regimes that occur within a specified period of time, and that significantly outnumber transitions in the opposite directions during that period. There have been three waves: 1828-1942 peaking 1924, 1942-1973 peaking 1958, 1974-present not yet peaking. Second wave: after wwii, countries became democratic in two ways: imposition (germany, Japan and italy) & decolonization (ghana, malaysia, nigeria and india). Third wave: started with the end of dictatorship in portugal in 1974. At the time of the beginning of the third wave, there were only 41 democratic countries, but has since then expanded dramatically. An enormous moment was the collapse of the berlin wall. War proxy wars were fought in africa, such as angola where cuba sent soldiers, south africa sent soldiers, and even the cia was involved. But the conflicts ended with the end of the ussr.
