BIOL 112 Lecture : 9 - Energy and Catalysis.docx

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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes
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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes
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Metabolism, 2 types: anabolic (gain of energy, catabolic (release of energy) First law of thermodynamics: energy can not be created nor destroyed (initial = final) Energy has a drive to be evenly distributed/dispersed. Second law of thermodynamics: energy spontaneously disperses to become spread out if not hindered in doing so, energy conversion only occurs if. To judge biochemical reactions we must find the amount of energy used in a reaction. Cells release free energy by dispersing energy/increasing entropy: chemical reactions creating disorder (digesting a polymer, release heat (by chemical reaction) Total free energy : g = h (enthalpy/heat) - t (temperature) * s (entropy/disorder) Change in free energy : dg = dh - ds. If dg is negative energy is released (spontaneous) if dg is positive energy is required (non-spontaneous) More complications to thermodynamics: in principle, reactions are reversible. When forward and reverse occur at equal rate , dg = 0.

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