PSYC85H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens
Document Summary
Induction > given individual pieces of data > we purpose a general rule the rule summarizes the differences in individ observation. Deduction always gives the right answer and induction can lead us to the wrong conclusion at times. [3]you can purpose a general rule and then you can make predictions about what you will see in the future [really important to science] constraints about how far we can make our induction [cows to humans?] Hume"s enquiry > we can never be sure that our induction is right. In science the common elements are not always obvious. The the" test > occupy cognitive ability so it is harder to formulate hypotheses the famous crow test. Forms of induction : findings common element [generalization, specialization [break up/narrow concepts, category-based induction if we know nothing about the property, we rely on. Similarities among categories [more similar the more category based inductions we make] Diversity within a category typicality of a category.
