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Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - S Phase, Chromosome, Dna Ligase

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ochrebee715
30 Apr 2012
School
Western University
Department
Biology
Course
Biology 1202B
Professor
Gardiner/ Murphy

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Document Summary

Semi-conservative: the double helix opens, and new strands synthesize to create 2 strands, the only type that appears to be biologically significant. Conservative: the one double helix is completely intact, and the new double helix is completely from new nucleotides. Dispersive: mixture of both new and old strands. Dna synthesis occurs in 5" to 3" direction! Alpha, beta, and gamma (phosphate groups): alpha is the one that stays, beta and gamma are the ones that are removed (the pyrophosphates) Eukaryotes are slower at replicating dna because they are more complex. Replication fork where the antiparallel dna strands replicate. Leading strand can start replication at the first nucleotide: continuously made. Lagging strand has to open up to begin replication (is not able to replicate on the first nucleotide because of the 5" to 3" direction: discontinuously made (okazaki fragments) Helicase a protein that unwinds the dna helix.

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Related Questions

If Messelson & Stahl had stopped their experiment after growing the bacteria for only one generation in light nitrogen (N14), what could they have concluded about the mechanism of DNA replication?

A) DNA replication is semi-conservative

B) DNA replication is conservative

C) DNA replication is dispersive

D) DNA replication is not conservative.

E) DNA replication is not dispersive

Describe the role of double helix in complimentary base pairingin DNA replication. What does it mean when we say that the twostrands of DNA in the double helix are antiparallel? What would theend of the double helix look like if the strands were parallel?Remember to cite any references you use in proper APA format.

Match the phrase its definition

DNA replication is semi-conservative

[ Choose ] place in which the two strands of DNA are being unwound and replicated the side of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously replication proceeds from the origin of replication in both directions simultaneously the side of the DNA helix that is synthesized using Okazaki fragments during DNA replication one strand is derived from the original DNA and the other strand is newly synthesized in the paired chains of the DNA helix adenine always binds thymine, and guanine always binds cytosine the two chains in the double helix are oriented in opposite directions

DNA replication is bidirectional

[ Choose ] place in which the two strands of DNA are being unwound and replicated the side of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously replication proceeds from the origin of replication in both directions simultaneously the side of the DNA helix that is synthesized using Okazaki fragments during DNA replication one strand is derived from the original DNA and the other strand is newly synthesized in the paired chains of the DNA helix adenine always binds thymine, and guanine always binds cytosine the two chains in the double helix are oriented in opposite directions

replication fork

[ Choose ] place in which the two strands of DNA are being unwound and replicated the side of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously replication proceeds from the origin of replication in both directions simultaneously the side of the DNA helix that is synthesized using Okazaki fragments during DNA replication one strand is derived from the original DNA and the other strand is newly synthesized in the paired chains of the DNA helix adenine always binds thymine, and guanine always binds cytosine the two chains in the double helix are oriented in opposite directions

leading strand

[ Choose ] place in which the two strands of DNA are being unwound and replicated the side of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously replication proceeds from the origin of replication in both directions simultaneously the side of the DNA helix that is synthesized using Okazaki fragments during DNA replication one strand is derived from the original DNA and the other strand is newly synthesized in the paired chains of the DNA helix adenine always binds thymine, and guanine always binds cytosine the two chains in the double helix are oriented in opposite directions

lagging strand

[ Choose ] place in which the two strands of DNA are being unwound and replicated the side of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously replication proceeds from the origin of replication in both directions simultaneously the side of the DNA helix that is synthesized using Okazaki fragments during DNA replication one strand is derived from the original DNA and the other strand is newly synthesized in the paired chains of the DNA helix adenine always binds thymine, and guanine always binds cytosine the two chains in the double helix are oriented in opposite directions

DNA is antiparallel

[ Choose ] place in which the two strands of DNA are being unwound and replicated the side of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously replication proceeds from the origin of replication in both directions simultaneously the side of the DNA helix that is synthesized using Okazaki fragments during DNA replication one strand is derived from the original DNA and the other strand is newly synthesized in the paired chains of the DNA helix adenine always binds thymine, and guanine always binds cytosine the two chains in the double helix are oriented in opposite directions

DNA is complementary

[ Choose ] place in which the two strands of DNA are being unwound and replicated the side of the DNA double helix that is synthesized continuously replication proceeds from the origin of replication in both directions simultaneously the side of the DNA helix that is synthesized using Okazaki fragments during DNA replication one strand is derived from the original DNA and the other strand is newly synthesized in the paired chains of the DNA helix adenine always binds thymine, and guanine always binds cytosine the two chains in the double helix are oriented in opposite directions