BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Blood Plasma, Telmatobius, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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7 May 2012

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BIOL 111 Full Course Notes

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Increased competition in water: crowding in small pools. New food resources on land: example: arthropods and plants. Difference between land and water as relevant to life: Clicker question: all are problems to be encountered on land except amount of oxygen (far more oxygen on land than in water) Problems on land: water needed to prevent desiccation\ Most require water for fertilization and larval development: air is less dense than water. Require more energy, more oxygen brought in and distributed: air temperature is more variable. Need to modify behavior or physiology: uv radiation more intense on land. Air has higher concentration of oxygen than water. Gases diffuse faster in air than water. Lobe-finned fishes: 2 ventral pockets formed off esophagus: used as a supplemental respiratory device. Ray-finned fishes: single dorsal pocket formed off esophagus: used as a supplementary respiratory device. Endoderm, gas bladders are pockets off the digestive tract. Stronger limbs and girdles, vertebral column, ribs.

Related Questions

1. Which of the following structures is intended to maximize the surface area available for gas exchange?

a. Thin membranes lining respiratory organs such as gills and lungs.

b. Multiple infoldings of respiratory surfaces, such as lamellae in gills.

c. Inhaled fresh air is mixed with old air from the previous breathing cycle.

d. Blood circulates in counter current direction to water flow in gills.

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2. The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen changes with pH. What is affecting the pH of the blood?

a. The blood changes its pH based on the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved.

b. The blood changes its pH based on the amount of oxygen dissolved.

c. The pH of the blood is adjusted centrally in the hypothalamus.

d. The pH of the blood is constant and never changes.

coffeelocust959

1. Water and blood move down their hydrostatic pressure gradients; therefore to convectively move both blood and water, animals adjust ____________ to create a pressure gradient based on Boyleâs Law

2. Fickâs Law of Diffusion (Vo2=(AÂ·T-1)Â·DÂ·(P1-P2)) determines the movement of oxygen across the gas exchange surfaces of animals.Describe the six requirements for diffusion of oxygen. Which of these requirements is not a problem for water breathers, but contributes to insensible water loss in air breathers? Which of these requirements is met to the highest degree in birds where the gas exchange surface (parabronchi) does not change in volume with each breath?

Water is something that most of us take for granted in this country, but it is a limited resource and we should not be wasteful of it. Some parts of the U.S. have been suffering from droughts for a number of years and many people have had to deal with water rationing. One of the problems is that we move to areas with low water resources and then try to do landscaping that requires a lot of water. Another thing we do is plant crops that take a large amount of space and water, removing the area from possible use for more practical crops. An example of this is almond growing.
What do you think should be done about this? Please use references

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BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Blood Plasma, Telmatobius, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

BIOL 111 Full Course Notes

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