BIOD27H3 Lecture 20: BGYB30H3 Lecture 20 Notes-Nov 17
11 Aug 2010
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BGYB30H3 Lecture 20 Notes
-anterior pituitary secretes
x PRL, TSH, ACTH, GH, FSH, and LH
-hypothalamus controls anterior pituitary hormones
-anterior pituitary hormones regulate secretion of another hormone, making them trophic
hormones
-hypothalamus releases trophic hormones
-anterior pituitary hormones are named by target
-HHPS connects anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus
-low concentrations of hormones from the hypothalamus are secreted and enter the anterior
pituitary
-hypothalamus releases inhibitory and releasing hormones that cause or prevent release of
hormones from the anterior pituitary
-hormones negatively feedback to inhibit release from anterior pituitary, endocrine gland, or
hypothalamus
-long loop negative feedback occurs when hormone released outside the CNS causes negative
feedback in the CNS
-short loop is negative feedback in the CNS
-hypersecretion is an excess in secretion of hormones while hyposecretion is when not enough
of one hormone is secreted
-exogenous medication replaces and exceeds normal levels, which can cause atrophy of
endocrine gland if medication is constantly given
-H-AP axis controls cortisol secretion from the adrenal cortex
-cortisol releasing hormone is released from hypothalamus and goes into the HHPS to cause
secretion of ACTH from the anterior pituitary ( hypothalamus CRH anterior
pituitary ACTH)
-cortisol regulates negative feedback
-cortisol is released at high levels in the morning and low levels at night
-removal of the adrenal glands causes death in days when exposed to stress in the
environment
-cortisol
x protects the body from hypoglycemia
x suppresses immune system (decreased white blood cells, antibodies e.t.c)
x breaks down glycogen, protein and triglycerides from liver, muscle and adipose tissue
x decreases bone density by increased blood calcium
-primary pathology is the pathology that arises from dysfunction in primary endocrine gland
-primary hypersecretion occurs in the adrenal cortex and causes too much cortisol
-secondary pathology arises in a tissue producing trophic hormones (e.g. hypothalamus or
anterior pituitary)
-if secondary pathology arises in the anterior pituitary, negative feedback from cortisol and
ACTH only inhibits hypothalamus
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