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NUTR 3210 Study Guide - Proline, Selenocysteine, Collagen

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skybuffalo868
16 May 2012
School
University of Guelph
Department
Nutrition
Course
NUTR 3210
Professor
Genevieve Newton

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Document Summary

Ttp perfectly: the main role of vitamin e is as a chain breaking antioxidant in lipid peroxidation it can react with a pufa (polyunsaturated fatty acid) peroxyradical to form a tocopherol radical and a. Pufa hydroperoxide: if the hydroxyl radical forms, it picks up another hydrogen atom from a pufa (or other molecules, but we"ll only look at this one, hydroxyl radical becomes water, and stable. Selenium (mineral: similar chemistry to sulfur so it can be substituted in amino acids containing sulfur, making selenomethyonine (non standard) and selenocysteine (standard). These are the forms of selenium we consume. Comes from plants or animals (from soil: glutathione is a 1 electron donor (from sh group). It is a tripeptide consisting of glutamate, cysteine and glycine. Side chain of glutamate is attached to amino terminal of cysteine. Vitamin c: reduced form is ascorbic acid, oxidized form is dehydroascorbic acid.

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Related Questions

Draw the following oxygen compounds such that you can see whetherthe octet
rule is fulfilled: O2, H2O, O2
- (superoxide anion), H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), OH
(hydroxyl radical), OH- (hydroxide), O2-.

Which of the in this task compounds have an uneven number ofelectrons?
(Compounds with unpaired electrons are free radicals and usuallyvery reactive.)

Thanks so much! I would really apppreciate a full explanation. :)

Oxidative stress results when the superoxide anion (O2–) is formed as a side reaction of mitochondrial electron transport. This oxygen anion radical is made nontoxic by the action of four enzymes of the mitochondrial matrix. Name these four enzymes and briefly describe the role of each in detoxifying the superoxide anion (O2-).

2) The oxygem-oxygen single bond of hydrogen peroxide (HO-OH) is very weak and breaks homolytically when heated. Due to this fact, hydrogen peroxide can be used as an initiato in free-radical chain reactions. Use the curved-arrow notation to draw the mechanism of the hydrogen peroxide-initiated reaction of molecular chlorine with cyclohexane that affords chlorocyclohexane. Denote all intermediates, lone pairs, and unpaired electrons, Draw one termination step.