PHAR 300 : PHAR 300 POST MT.docx

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Toxicology: the science of poisons: foxgloves (digitalis) are grown by many gardeners. These flowers contain highly toxic substance called digitalis. It has been extracted to treat cardiovascular ailments, but it has a low margin of safety: the original source of poisons has been universally plants. Many plants contain toxic compounds to protect against being eaten: some typical natural biological toxins are mushroom and snakebites, but rest of the plant kingdom contains various toxins as well, daffodil is another poisonous plant. Tulips, when planted with daffodils, the number of tulips gradually decreases and they disappear (and daffodils proliferate). There are lots of field mice and squirrels that have to go through winter. Tulip bulbs are great foods, but daffodil bulbs, stems, and leaves (the whole daffodil plant itself) are poisonous: there are many different things in daffodils. We present you here with two toxins from daffodils: galanthamine (galanthamine is an anti-cholinesterase.

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