BIOL 111 Study Guide - Final Guide: Nephridiopore, Ventral Nerve Cord, Seta

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BIOL 111 Full Course Notes

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Arthropoda has the most diversity out of all invertebrates. Cephilization (sensory nerves and central organs are located in the anterior end) Thick, hard chitinous cuticle that provides protection and acts as an exoskeleton. Body region: head and the thorax (celphathornx) two regions are divided by the cervical groove, carapace (dorsal shield that protects the head and the thorax) Body segments: covered in a thin chitinous layer to provide protection but also permit locomotion. Biramous form: branches (swimmerets, maxillia, uropods, antennules) Serial homology: similar structures in different segments (pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestines) Rostrum: protective area between the two compound eyes. Abdominal extensor muscles: when these muscles contract, the abdomen straightens. Abdominal flexor muscles: when these muscles contract, the abdomen curls. Backward movement is facilitated by: segmented appendages, thin telson and uropod, extensor and flexor muscles. Reproduction: sperm travels through the semical ducts to the male genital pore, 1st swimmerets carry the sperm to the female semical receptacle, fertilization is external.

Related Questions

Describe the general structure of arthropods, and discuss theadvantages and disadvantages for an exoskeleton. Distinguishbetween arachnids, crustaceans, millipedes, centipedes, andinsects.

purplemammoth37

Biology 103

Chapter 15 Animals

6.Animals evolve from simple to complex. The most primitive animals such as ________________ belong to Phylum Porifera. They have a flagellated cell called ___________________; they do not have tissue layers. 7.Phylum Cnidaria includes animals such as ____________________, ___________________, ______________________, and _________________. They have two germ layers: _______________ and ______________; they have unique protective cell called _______________. 8. Phylum Platyhelminthes is commonly known as _____________________. They have three germ layers: ________________, __________________, and __________________, but no coelom. 9.Phylum Nematoda (commonly known as ___________________) has three germ layers and an internal cavity called ____________________________. 10._______________________is the largest phylum of the animal kingdom. They have jointed appendages and chitinous exoskeleton. Crustaceans include animals such as ______________ and _________________; Chelicerats include animals such as _______________ and _______________; Hexapods include all the _____________. Myriapods include ______________ and _____________.

Which statement about crustaceans is true?

	They are the least prevalent marine arthropods today.
	Most have a body that is composed of three regions.
	Most have six legs attached to the head.
	They lack a carapace.
	They are the largest living group of arthropods.

13.

Which trait is unique to deuterostome animals?

	A coelom
	Spiral cleavage
	Bilateral symmetry
	Mouth formation on the end of embryos opposite the blastopore
	A nervous system

14.

Of the modern echinoderms,

	all have a water vascular system.
	most are crinoids.
	most have arms.
	most have an external skeleton.
	all use their tube feet for movement.

15.

Which statement about the notochord is true?

	It is rigid and inflexible.
	It is present in the adults of all chordates.
	It is made up of large cells with turgid vacuoles.
	It is located on the ventral side of an organism.
	It is a trait shared with sister groups of the chordates.

erinlizard726

BIOL 111 Study Guide - Final Guide: Nephridiopore, Ventral Nerve Cord, Seta

BIOL 111 Full Course Notes

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