SOCA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Grounded Theory, Correlation Does Not Imply Causation

96 views5 pages

chocolaterhinoceros334

15 Aug 2010

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

/HFWXUH

/HFWXUH 



 ±

±+RZ

+RZ

+RZVRFLRORJLVW

VRFLRORJLVW

VRFLRORJLVWGR

GRUHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFK'DWD

'DWD

'DWD DQDO\VLV

DQDO\VLV

+RZ

+RZ VRFLRORJLVWV

VRFLRORJLVWV

VRFLRORJLVWVGR

GRUHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFK

x6RFLRORJ\

6RFLRORJ\

6RFLRORJ\ YV

YV

YV-RXUQDOLVP

-RXUQDOLVP

-RXUQDOLVP$UWLFOH

$UWLFOH

$UWLFOH







 



IDPLOLHV

IDPLOLHV

IDPLOLHVLQ

LQWKH

WKH

WKH7RURQWR

7RURQWR

7RURQWR6WDU

6WDU

)DPLO\ NLGV SOD\LQJ ZLWK/HJR PLGGOH FODVV NLGV

)DPLO\ FRPSXWHUDQG ERRNVIDPLO\QRW DYHU\FOHDU UDFH PL[HGPLGGOH FODVV NLGV

)DPLO\ LPPLJUDQWV,WDOLDQPLGGOH FODVVORWVRI NLGV NLGV JLUOV ER\V

)DPLO\ WUDLOHUSDUNIDPLO\ NLGVORZ LQFRPH

9DULDEOHV

8VHG ,JQRUHGLQDGHTXDWH

&ODVV 5DFH

5DFH )DPLO\FRPSRVLWLRQ

)DPLO\VL]H $JH

(WKQLFLW\6(6±6RFLRHFRQRPLFVWDWXV 0HDVXUHRI LQHTXDOLW\

*HQGHUHGXFDWLRQ DQG LQFRPH DQG RFFXSDWLRQ

&RQWH[W

+RZ ZRXOGVRFLRORJLVWV VWXG\ WKH ³IDPLOLHV´"

6RFLRORJLVWVZRXOGXVH D PXFKELJJHUDQG 5$1'20VDPSOHWKDWZD\ \RX GRQ¶WFRQWURO ZKDWFRPHVRXW

7KH\ZRXOGXVH D PRUHV\VWHPDWLFPHDVXUHDQG WKH\ZRXOGPHDVXUH DQG TXDQWLI\ YDULDEOHVLHGR

V\VWHPDWLF FRXQWLQJ

-RXUQDOLVP

-RXUQDOLVP$UWLFOH

$UWLFOH

$UWLFOH







 3URVWLWXWHV

3URVWLWXWHV

3URVWLWXWHVDUHQ

DUHQ

DUHQ¶

¶W

WERUQ

ERUQ

³ RI 7RURQWR¶V VWUHHWNLGV DUHLQYROYHGLQSURVWLWXWLRQ  ZLVKWKH\ZHUHQ¶W´

6WDWVDUHZURQJ EHFDXVH\RX FDQ¶WPHDVXUH DOO NLGVWKH URXQGLQJ RI WKH QXPEHUVKRZ WKDW WKH\KDYHQ¶W

VDPSOHGDOOVRKRZ FDQWKH\FRPHXS ZLWKVRPHWKLQJ OLNH"

7KH IDFW WKDWH[SHULHQFHILOWHUVSHUFHSWLRQVRI UHDOLW\LQFOXGLQJ ZKDWSDWWHUQV ZHVHH DQG ZKHWKHUZH DUH

DEOHWRVHH SDWWHUVDWDOO LVWKHELJJHVWSUREOHPLQVRFLRORJLFDOUHVHDUFK

,QGLYLGXDO

ÆYDOXHVÆWKHRULHVÆSUHYLRXV UHVHDUFKÆPHWKRGVÆ

5HDOLW\

7\SHVRI QRQVFLHQWLILFWKLQNLQJEDVHGRQ

 7UDGLWLRQ

 $XWKRULW\

 &DVXDOREVHUYDWLRQ

 2YHUJHQHUDOL]DWLRQ

 6HOHFWLYHREVHUYDWLRQ

 4XDOLILFDWLRQ

 ,OORJLFDOUHDVRQLQJ

 (JRGHIHQFH

 3UHPDWXUH FORVXUHRI LQTXLU\

 0\VWLILFDWLRQ

x&RQGXFWLQJ

&RQGXFWLQJ

&RQGXFWLQJUHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFK

7KH UHVHDUFKF\FOHS(WKLFDOFRQVLGHUDWLRQV

7KURXJKRXW WKH UHVHDUFKF\FOHUHVHDUFKHUV

PXVWEH PLQGIXO RI WKH VXEMHFWV¶ ULJKWV

VDIHW\

SULYDF\

FRQILGHQWLDOLW\

LQIRUPHGFRQVHQW

www.notesolution.com

Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-2 of the document.
Unlock all 5 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

x7KH

7KH

7KHPDLQ

PDLQ

PDLQPHWKRGV

PHWKRGV

PHWKRGVRI

RI VRFLRORJ\

VRFLRORJ\

)LHOGPHWKRGV

)LHOG

)LHOGUHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFKUHVHDUFKEDVHG RQ WKH REVHUYDWLRQ RI SHRSOHLQWKHLUQDWXUDOVHWWLQJV

'HWDFKHG

'HWDFKHGREVHUYDWLRQ

REVHUYDWLRQ

REVHUYDWLRQLQYROYHVFODVVLI\LQJ DQG FRXQWLQJ WKH EHKDYLRXU RI LQWHUHVWDFFRUGLQJ D

SUHGHWHUPLQHGVFKHPH

3UREOHPVZLWKGLUHFWREVHUYDWLRQ

 +DZWKRUQH

+DZWKRUQH

+DZWKRUQH HIIHFW5HDFWLYLW\

HIIHFW5HDFWLYLW\

HIIHFW5HDFWLYLW\ZKHQWKH SUHVHQFHRI WKH UHVHDUFKHUDIIHFWVWKHEHKDYLRXU RI WKH

SHRSOHEHLQJ REVHUYHG

 0HDQLQJ RI ZKDW LVEHLQJ REVHUYHGPLJKW UHPDLQREVFXUHWRWKH UHVHDUFKHU

(WKQRJUDSKLF

(WKQRJUDSKLF UHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFKGHVFULEHVWKH HQWLUHZD\RI OLIHRI SHRSOH

*RLQJ

*RLQJQDWLYH

QDWLYH

QDWLYHZKHQWKH UHVHDUFKDEDQGRQV KLVUHVHDUFKUROH DQG EHFRPHVDPHPEHURI WKH JURXS KH LV

VWXG\LQJ

3DUWLFLSDQW REVHUYDWLRQ

3DUWLFLSDQW

3DUWLFLSDQWREVHUYDWLRQ

REVHUYDWLRQ

REVHUYDWLRQZKHQWKH UHVHDUFKHUDWWHPSWVWRREVHUYH D VRFLDOVLWXDWLRQ REMHFWLYHO\DQG WDNH

SDUW LQWKH DFWLYLWLHVRI WKH SHRSOHKH LV VWXG\LQJ

2SWLQJ IRU SXUHREVHUYDWLRQ RU SXUHSDUWLFLSDWLRQ FRPSURPLVHVWKH UHVHDUFKHU¶VDELOLW\WRVHH WKH ZRUOG

VRFLRORJLFDOO\,QVWHDGSDUWLFLSDQWREVHUYDWLRQ UHTXLUHVWKH UHVHDUFKHUWR NHHSZDONLQJ DWLJKWURSH EHWZHHQ

WKH WZRH[WUHPHVRI VXEMHFWLYLW\DQG REMHFWLYLW\

0RVWSDUWLFLSDQW REVHUYDWLRQ VWXGLHVEHJLQDVH[SORUDWRU\

H[SORUDWRU\

H[SORUDWRU\UHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFK

UHVHDUFKUHVHDUFKHUVKDYHRQO\DYDJXH VHQVH

RI ZKDW WKH\DUHORRNLQJ IRU DQG SHUKDSV QR VHQVH DWDOO RI ZKDW WKH\ZLOO GLVFRYHULQWKH FRXUVHRI WKHLU

VWXGLHV

7KH\DUH HTXLSSHGRQO\ZLWKKXQFKHV7KH\WUHDW WKHVHKXQFKHVDVK\SRWKHVLV

K\SRWKHVLV

K\SRWKHVLVXQYHULILHGEXW WHVWDEOH

VWDWHPHQWVDERXW WKH SKHQRPHQD WKDW LQWHUHVWVWKH UHVHDUFKHUV

3XUSRVLYHO\FKRRVLQJ REVHUYDWLRQV UHVXOWVLQWKH FUHDWLRQ RI DJURXQGHG

JURXQGHG

JURXQGHGWKHRU\

WKHRU\

WKHRU\DQH[SODQDWLRQ RI D

SKHQRPHQRQ EDVHGQRW RQ VSHFXODWLRQ EXW RQ WKH FRQWUROOHGVFUXWLQ\ RI VXEMHFWV

3DUWLFLSDQW REVHUYDWLRQ LVRIWHQGHILFLHQW ZKHQLW FRPHVWRHVWDEOLVKLQJ UHOLDELOLW\JHQHUDOL]DELOLW\DQG

FDXVDOLW\

0HWKRGRORJLFDO3UREOHPV

0HDVXUHPHQW

9DULDEOHV

9DULDEOHVFRQFHSWVWKDWFDQKDYHPRUHWKDQRQH YDOXH LHFDQ YDU\6RPHYDULDEOHVFDQEH GHSHQGHQW RU

LQGHSHQGHQW DFFRUGLQJ WRWKH VLWXDWLRQ HJ

HJ

HJ UHOLJLRQ 6(6VRFLRHFRQRPLFVWDWXV

,QGHSHQGHQW

,QGHSHQGHQWYDULDEOH

YDULDEOH

YDULDEOH,9

,9

,9 WKH FDXVHLQDQ\ FDXVH DQG HIIHFWUHODWLRQVKLS FRPHVILUVW LQWLPH6RPH

YDULDEOHVDUH DOZD\VLQGHSHQGHQW HJ

HJ

HJ JHQGHU\HDU

'HSHQGHQW

'HSHQGHQWYDULDEOH

YDULDEOH

YDULDEOH'9

'9

'9 WKH HIIHFW LQDQ\ FDXVH DQG HIIHFWUHODWLRQVKLS

2SHUDWLRQDOL]DWLRQ

2SHUDWLRQDOL]DWLRQGHFLGLQJ ZKLFKREVHUYDWLRQV WROLQN WRZKLFK YDULDEOH

5HVHDUFKHUVPXVWHVWDEOLVKFULWHULDIRU DVVLJQLQJ YDOXHVWR YDULDEOHV7RGHWHUPLQH DYDULDEOH\RX FDQDVN

RU WHVWORRN7HVWLQJORRNLQJ LVPRUH DFFXUDWHHJ

HJ

HJZKDWJHQGHUDUH\RX"

5HOLDELOLW\9DOLGLW\*HQHUDOL]DELOLW\DQG &DXVDOLW\

5HOLDELOLW\

5HOLDELOLW\ WKH GHJUHH WRZKLFKDPHDVXUHPHQW SURFHGXUH\LHOGV FRQVLVWHQW UHVXOWV&RQVLVWHQF\

9DOLGLW\

9DOLGLW\ WKH GHJUHH WRZKLFKDPHDVXUH DFWXDOO\PHDVXUHVZKDW LW LVLQWHQGHGWR3UHFLVLRQ

*HQHUDOL]DELOLW\

*HQHUDOL]DELOLW\ H[LVWZKHQUHVHDUFKILQGLQJVDSSO\EH\RQG WKH VSHFLILF FDVH H[DPLQHG5HOHYDQFH

&DXVDOLW\

&DXVDOLW\ DVVHVVLQJ FDXVHDQGHIIHFWUHODWLRQVDPRQJ YDULDEOHV,WPHDQV WKDWD FKDQJHLQWKH

LQGHSHQGHQW YDULDEOH[ SURGXFHVD FKDQJHLQWKH GHSHQGHQW YDULDEOH\5HODWLRQVKLSLVQRW VSXULRXVQRW

FDXVHE\ DWKLUG YDULDEOHDOZD\VORRN IRU DQDOWHUQDWLYH H[SODQDWLRQ,QDQDO\]LQJ VXUYH\GDWDZH

HVWDEOLVKFDXVDOLW\ E\ GHPRQVWUDWLQJ WKDW

WKHUHLVDQDVVRFLDWLRQ EHWZHHQ [ DQG \

[SUHFHGHV\

WKH LQWURGXFWLRQ RI D FDXVDOO\SULRU FRQWURO YDULDEOHGRHVQRW UHVXOW LQWKHRULJLQDODVVRFLDWLRQ

GLVDSSHDULQJLHUHODWLRQVKLSQRW VSXULRXV

www.notesolution.com

Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-2 of the document.
Unlock all 5 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

SOCA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Grounded Theory, Correlation Does Not Imply Causation

Get access

Related Documents

SOCA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Generation Z, Silent Generation, Millennials