GGR100H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Thermosphere, Density Of Air, Sustainable Agriculture

89 views4 pages

lavendereagle363

20 Jun 2012

School

UTSG

Department

Geography

Course

GGR100H1

Professor

For unlimited access to Study Guides, a Grade+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Stefan-boltzmann law: q proportionate to t^(4) (t=temperature, q=radiation) K*=k(down) x (1-a) a= outgoing radiation/incoming radiation unit: watts/m^2. P= q + e + change in s (q=runoff, p=precipitation, e=evapotranspiration, s=storage) Rh=actual water vapour in the air/ maximum water vapor possible x100. Soil water balance= evapotranspiration + surplus+ change in soil-moisture storage evapotranspiration=transpiration+evaporation. Radiation= the radiation intensity emitted depends on temperature of the object. Earth"s layers thermopause: outer boundary of earth"s energy system top of atmosphere. Solar constant=1372 wm^2 = incoming sw radiation at top of atmosphere. Global net radiation= higher latitudes, net radiation is negative which means we are losing more energy to space than we gain from the sun. Uneven receipt of solar insolation at earth"s surface (2. 5x more concentrated at equator than poles) Insolation is latitude dependent, due to curve of earth. Further diffused at higher latitudes because the path through the atmostphere is longer-more scattering, absorption, and reflection. Lw energy is eventually radiated back to space, keeping equillibrium.

Related Questions

Q2 on the Topic of Evaporation and Evapotranspiration

(a)
Average rainfall during the month of January is found to be X mm. AClass A pan evaporation recorded an average of 8.12 mm/day near anirrigation reservoir. The average January inflow into the reservoiris 165 m3/s and the average irrigation demand during the month is170 m3/s. The water level drops by 0.25 m in that month and theaverage surface area of the reservoir is 21,000 ha. Estimate theseepage through the banks and the dam during this month. Assume thepan coefficient of 0.7 for the month of January.

(b)

Given the net radiation, Rn = 204 W/m2,
Soil heat flux density, G = 0,
Mean daily temperature = 210C,
Humidity = X%,
Wind velocity, u = 18 km/day,
All values measured at 2 m.

Calculate potential ET using the Penman-Monteith method
Take the value of as 0.065 kPa /oC.

The process by which water vapor changes to a liquid is

a) Condensation

b) Convection

c) Radiation

d) Evaporation.

cerisesea-lion608

Solar energy strikes the top of the Earth's atmosphere at . About percent of this energy is reflected directly back into space. The Earth-atmosphere system absorbs the remaining energy and re-radiates it into space as black body radiation given by Stefan-Boltzmann Law: , where T is the temperature. Assuming that the arrangement has come to equilibrium, (i) what is the average black body temperature of the Earth? (ii) Calculate the wavelength which the black body radiation from the Earth is at a maximum? (hint: At Equilibrium the total energy emitted is equal to the total energy absorbed.)