BIOL 1902 Study Guide - Cardiac Glycoside, Umbel, Lignin

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goldeel903

20 Jul 2012

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Until ready for dispersal, plants protect the seeds: some use hard, heavily lignified structures, such as cones. Some have hard seed coats, such as those on acorns. These adaptations can be quite beautiful well as effective. Unripe berries are protected with terpenoids (bitter tasting!: aposematic coloration. Milkweed seeds are well protected by the pod, which is full of cardiac glycosides. In plants this process of sending out progeny into the world is called seed dispersal: advantages of seed dispersal. Plants in open habitats such as old fields often use the wind. In order to fly with the wind, seeds must have adaptations: but no solution is perfect, problem: missing the target habitat, solution: produce lots of seeds! Some plants harness the power of animals. Hooks and barbs catch on hair or feathres: these seeds hitch-hike. Queen anne"s lace also uses animal power for seed dispersal: also protects seeds from rain. Other sun-loving plants exploit animals in a very different way.

Related Questions

1. Reducing the dependence of water for reproduction was key for colonizing land. A) On the diagram below, use the letters A-E to indicate where the following adaptations first appeared: seeds, pollen, flowers & fruits. B) For each of those adaptations, explain how each helped plants reduce their dependence on water for reproduction.

Explain A) advantage of promoting outcrossing in plants and preventing self-fertilization, and explain B) two (2) neat/cool mechanisms you learned on how plants pollinate others. Explain C) advantage of dispersing seeds, and explain D) two (2) neat/cool mechanisms you learned on how disperse their seeds.

emeralddinosaur578

1. A plant the lacks petals and has well-developed anthers ismost likely

pollinated by fruit-eatingmammals.

pollinated by bees.

pollinated by birds.

pollinated by wind.

2. SELECT EACH TYPE of tissue that may be found in a maturefruit or seed. Can be more than one

Diploid sporophyte tissue from theprevious generation

Triploid endosperm

Diploid embryonic tissue

Haploid sperm cells

Tissue from the female gametophyte

3. Based on the outcome for plants, a monkey eating a banana isa

parasite.

pollinator.

disperser.

fertilizer.

4. Select all of the environmentswhere seeds would be an advantage over spores. Can be more thanone

Deserts

Areas with unpredictablerainfall

Wet humid swamps

Open habitats with sparsevegetation

Under a dense forest canopy

5. Select all the advantages that seeds have over spores.

Seeds have increased droughtresistance.

Long term dormancy ispossible.

Sexual reproduction is onlypossible with seeds.

Nutrition is packaged with theembryo.

Widespread dispersal is possible with a seed coat.

6. Nectar is a sugar-laden liquid that is very energeticallyexpensive to produce. Why do plants allocate resources to produceit instead of just producing more flowers?

Nectar serves as an enticement forinsects.

Nectar is sticky and traps windborne pollen.

Nectar provides nutrition to thedeveloping embryo.

Nectar provides energy during pollen tube formation.

7.The dried pericarp that forms the peanut shell provideevidence that peanuts are

legumes.

drupes.

samaras.

pomes.

8. All members of the Anthophyta have

nectaries.

animal pollinators.

scented flowers.

ovules enclosed in carpels.

fleshy fruits for dispersal.

9. Why is external water not essential for fertilization in seedplants?

Ovules are contained within thepollen.

Sperm cells are used to transportpollen to the archegonia.

Seed plants use pollen instead ofsperm for fertilization.

The sperm cells in seed plants arecapable of resisting desiccation.

Pollen grains are transported by wind or an animal.

10.Select the true statements concerning seeds. Can be more thanone

Seeds allow for dormancy untilfavorable conditions arise.

The fruit provides nutrition to thedeveloping embryo.

The ovule dries and forms the seedcoat.

The seed stores all of thenutrition and water the embryo needs to germinate.

Seeds can resist conditions thatwould kill a live plant.

Seeds are key to wide dispersal of offspring.

11. Select the true statements concerning sperm and pollen. Canbe more than one.

In seed plants the entire malegametophyte is dispersed.

The pollen fertilizes the egg.

The pollen tube facilitates thepollination of the ovule.

Pollen transports the cells thatform the sperm but only the sperm fertilizes the egg.

Unlike mosses and ferns water is not needed for fertilization inseed plants.

12.Check which of the following are correct regarding thebenefit of seeds. Can be more than one.

Seeds protect the young embryo byenclosing it in several layers of gametophyte tissue.

Seeds provide a source ofnourishment to the embryonic plant.

The integument forms a seed coatthat protects against desiccation.

Seeds provide a structure in whicha dormant embryo can avoid unfavorable growing conditions andgerminate when conditions improve.

Seeds are a means to transport offspring away from the parentalplant.

13. A fruit-bearing dioecious flower would have

a gynoecium.

neither an androecium nor agynoecium.

an androecium.

both an androecium and a gynoecium.

14. A researcher brings a sample of dry soil to the lab, wetsit, provides ample amounts of fertilizer, and places the soil in acontainer in a greenhouse. Which type of plant would be leastlikely to emerge?

	Corn
	Sunflower
	Liverwort
	Wheat
	Pine seedling

skyant642

Q3) Based on the structure of each of these fruits, predict how the seed is dispersed.
Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Make certain each sentence is complete before submitting your answer.

Acorns
Dandelion seeds
Cherries
Burrs

1. -----------------have a large, edible mass and are usually animal dispersed (e.g., by squirrels that store them and forget some).
2. --------------------stick to animals and are dispersed as the animals move around.
3. -------------------------- float in wind.
4. ------------------------------ have an edible fruit and are animal dispersed.

Q4)

In plants, what form of cell division produces gametes (egg and sperm)?

A)Asexual reproduction

B)It can be meiosis or mitosis, depending on the type of plant.

C)Meiosis

D)Mitosis

SubmitPrevious Answers WAS C

Incorrect;

BIOL 1902 Study Guide - Cardiac Glycoside, Umbel, Lignin

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