BIOC40H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Ultimate Tensile Strength, Contact Angle, Water Potential

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97% of the water evaporates from leaf surfaces called transpiration. Only 2% for growth and 1% for photosynthesis. 500 water molecules lost for every carbon dioxide molecule gained. The polarity of water makes it an excellent solvent. Hydrogen bonding decreases electrostatic interaction between charged substances, thereby increasing their solubility. Water molecules can orient themselves next to a charged or partially charged group to form shells of hydration. The thermal properties of water result from hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding results in high specific heat capacity. Latent heat of vaporization is the energy needed to separate molecules from the liquid phase and move them into the gas phase at a constant temperature. The high latent heat of vaporization enables plants cool themselves by evaporating water from leaf surfaces. The cohesive and adhesive properties of water are due to hydrogen bonding. The energy required to increase the surface area of the gas liquid interface is known as the surface tension.

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