PSYB01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Electrodermal Activity, Electromyography, Construct Validity
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The method used to select ps can effect external validity (the extent to which results from a study can be generalized to other populations/settings) To manipulate it, you have to construct an operational definition of the variable. Experimental setting must seem plausible to the ps, nor are there any clear-cut rules for translating conceptual variables into specific operations. Exactly how the variable is manipulated depends on the variable and the cost, practicality, and ethics of the procedures being considered. Straightforward manipulations- presenting written, verbal or visual material to ps: manipulate variables with instructions and stimulus presentations, verbally, written, videotape or with a computer. Staged manipulations- need to stage events during the experiment in order to manipulate the independent variable successfully: also called event manipulation, used for 2 reasons: Researcher may be trying to create some psychological state in the. Necessary to simulate some situation that occurs in the real world: commonly uses confederates.
