PHILOS 2TT3 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Kantian Ethics, Categorical Imperative, Deontological Ethics
4 Oct 2012
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Kantian ethics: focus on action and the reasoning behind them. Moral foundations: rationality the ability to deliberate and act upon valid reasoning, autonomy persons have will and moral worth. *moral worth lies in the kind of act, not the consequences. Imagine a world with this universalized law: formula of humanity. Never treat persons as means without individual ends. Validity dependent upon: personal choice (subjectivism, cultural acceptance (conventionalism) Descriptive claim that cultures have different moral norms: it is the case that this is the way it is, not that this is the way it should be. Critique: no basis for criticism of other cultures no wrong or right between cultures, ultimately. Therefore: no basis for reform, difficult to define culture. Choice of who to be instead of what to do virtue as a disposition. Goodness comes from our performance functionality: happiness comes about through the rational, virtuous activity of the soul.
