SOC 214 Lecture Notes - Jeremy Bentham, Panopticon, Determinant
Document Summary
Each plays a role in how we approach the study of deviance and control. Deviance is deemed to be caused by forces in the supernatural realm. The deviant" was the vehicle in which the demon or devil worked. Social control of demonic deviants" was harsh and cruel. The enlightenment brought a shift in ideologies on the view of deviance". Church lost its hold, deviants were no longer possessed. A deviant became one whose self-interest was not constrained by his/her expectation of cost = hedonism: hedonism: the doctrine that pleasure or happiness is the highest good. View of deviance was that behaviour was a rational calculation" based on the idea of free will. Renaissance/ period of enlightenment = rational explanation to crime and punishment. Concept of utilitarianism = premised on idea that punishment is useful, rational, and reasonable. Focused on showing that conformity was the best bet to be happy. Deviance and crime require less work with greater payoff.
