EUR200Y1 Lecture Notes - Bourgeoisie, Philosophes
Document Summary
French revolution created the seed of modern nationalism. 1788-europe sea of empires-the great powers-many states that are already formed, many unformed nations. French society was a pyramid prior to the revolution. 40% are landless-pay honourous dues to church; bourgeoisie-largely urban- artisans, shop owners, other 18% workers-marxist interpretation-revolution was bourgeoisie inspired. Enightenment-role-french salon culture sponsored by nobility-group of philosophes turning pyramid upside down. Pillars of the enlightenment-primacy of reason; individual freedom for men; civic and legal equality (broad notion); rule of law-pivotal to make a state-your voice is the same as everyone else in court; individual rights. Sovereignty power starts to move from the king to the nation. 1789-constitutional monarchy-lasts until 1792-within that period there was also a constitutional revolution-limits role of monarch. 1789 does not topple the king hostility to the church. 1792-1793-fall of monarchy-rise of republicanism-french revolution starts to internationalize-starts to reach out. The french idea of a republic-entrenches power into the third estate-only land owners-bourgeoisie.
