Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Desmond Tutu, Human Genome Project, Genome Size
16 Nov 2012
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Document Summary
A genome is all of dna sequence in one copy of an organism"s chromosomes. Plant cells have both nuclear, mitochondrial, chloroplast chromosomes. Most of the time, we are referring to nuclear genomes. The amount of dna is one genome is called c . Sometimes c is expressed as a mass or sometimes it is expressed as the number of base pairs (mega bases, 1 million) Genome size is quite variable within a taxonomic group. In general, genome size increases among eukaryotes. There is very little correlation between complexity and genome size. Some species of crustaceans, atworms, salamanders etc, have more dna than humans. There is a huge difference between some organism of the same species, an example is the protozoans, which range from 10-2 to mega bases to 103 mega bases. One c-value is distributed over one set of chromosomes. C-value enigma is the massive variance in the amount of dna in a genome within the same taxonomic group.
