BIOB32H3 Study Guide - Natural Killer Cell, Growth Hormone, Thyroid
Document Summary
Evolutionary change in response to a hormone rather than the molecule itself: some have same effect. Estrogen from pregnant mares works on post-menopausal women: some have different effects. Prolactin = milk production in mammals but inhibits metamorphosis/promotes growth in amphibians & regulates water balance in fish. Steroids: bind to intracellular proteins for gene transcription, lipids. Master gland that secretes 9 hormones that control other glands: anterior (adenohypophysis) Causes release of other hormones (3rd order: posterior (neurohypophysis) Oxytocin and vasopressin/adh travel in vesicles down axons. 1st order pathway: hypothalamus receives input/serves as integration center. Calcitrol stimulates uptake up ca from gut. Parathyroid chief cells (pth) and c cells (calcitonin) work inversely to each other: regulate blood ca2+ levels, pth up, calcitonin down. Homeostatic plasma ca2+ level = 8. 5-11 mg/dl. Cells: stimulates storage of lipid/glycogen. Cells: mobilizes lipid reserves/glucose synthesis targets liver/adipose. Somatostatin (growth-hormone inhibiting hormone [ghih]) regulates digestive processes: cells inhibits insulin/glucagon secretion. F cells: inhibits call bladder contraction.
