IMED1001 Study Guide - Final Guide: Chemical Energy, Chemical Potential, Facilitated Diffusion

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15 Mar 2020
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Pumps use the chemical potential energy in atp. To move molecules up hill against chemical potential. Facilitated diffusion and active transport are both called carrier mediated transport. Both carriers and pumps are called transporters. Atpases are enzymes that hydrolyse atp to adp and phosphate. Bind specific molecules and use atp energy to transport them across phospholipid bilayers. Huge superfamily (many transporters = many target molecules) Uses atp to move na+ and k+ against their concentration gradients. Intra- & extracellular na+ & k+ concentrations. Pumps 3x na+ out and 2x k+ in per cycle. Net movement of +ve charge out of cell. Is pumped against its conc. gradient by an atpase. It then falls back down its conc. gradient. Driving the movement of solute 2 (red blocks) across the membrane. Secondary active transport: using a na+ gradient to drive glucose uptake. Na+ linked to glucose entry on apical side. Na+ gradient powers glucose uptake into cell.