INTR2010 Study Guide - Final Guide: Quotations From Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, Deng Xiaoping, Sun Yat-Sen
18 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
(WK 4) CHINA
CHINA I: EMPIRE, WAR, AND REVOLUTION
Few countries have such complex and complicated relations as China, which
today shares land borders with 14 countries and has 8 maritime neighbours – China is
closely bound by geography with neighbours
Chinese leadership’s call for the construction of a ‘community of shared
interests and common destiny’ with its neighbours through a number of new
initiatives
Historically, China maintained good relations with most neighbouring
countries, forging a long peace in east Asia through the so-called tributary system, a
stable structure of relationships between a strong and dominant China and its
neighbours
Historically although these relations were hierarchical it was characterized
largely by friendly coexistence
With the decline of Chinese power in the second half of the 19th century, this
order disintegrated
Tyranny of history
Historical legacy & China today
Ancient China
-3-4,000 years sold history
-From Neolithic: numerous dynasties, warring states, etc.
Late imperial China
-From 1860‐1912: Song, Yuan, Ming & Qing dynasties
The Chinese “world”
End of empire & civil war
Imperial fall
-Economic challenges
-Western & Japanese imperialism
From republic to civil war
-Imperial reform & rising nationalism (Sun Yat‐sen)
- Japanese incursion, esp. 1931
-Civil war: communists vs. nationalists
Revolution & angry isolation
A revolutionary state Diplomacy as ideology
Bandung phase An “intermediate zone”
But rising tensions Taiwan strait, Korea, USSR split & India war
Angry isolation Diplomatic shutdown & Soviet conflict
Domestic upheavals
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Great Leap Forward (1958) Industrialization, collectivization & mass mobilization
(steel & agriculture) → mass starvation (at least 30 million dead)
Cultural Revolution (1966)
-Anti‐intellectual, xenophobic, chaotic: purges, Red Guards & Mao’s Little Red
Book
-500K to 2 million killed
Strategic opening
Mao shifts course
US rapprochement
-Kissinger & Nixon visits (1972) → anti‐Soviet cooperation
-Taiwan & “one” China
China & the int’l. order Diplomatic normalization & recognition, membership of
Int’l. Institutions
Economic reform
Regime change
-Mao’s death & the Gang of Four
-From revolution to development
Return of Deng Xiaoping
-Four Modernizations
-Party institutionalization
-Market economy: wealth is glorious, “cats & mice”
Reform but authoritarian
Tiananmen
Contributing factors End of Cold War & Deng’s reforms
Immediate context Student (pro‐democracy) protests & CCP power struggle
Outcomes & implications Crackdown, diplomatic isolation, reputational damage,
doubts over CCP legitimacy, growing nationalism
Engaging the global order
Economic growth…
Party stability Institutionalization & leadership transfer Jiang Zemin & Hu Jintao
Omnidirectional diplomacy
-Hu’s “Harmonious world”
-Multipolar world, rebuild ties with Russia, good US relations, multilateralism &
closer ties with Southeast Asia
-
History & strategic culture
History → traditions → strategic culture
-Border security, territorial integrity
-Preference for hierarchy
-The West: ambivalence/paranoia
-Idealism to realism
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Chinese leadership"s call for the construction of a community of shared. Historically, china maintained good relations with most neighbouring. With the decline of chinese power in the second half of the 19th century, this. Historically although these relations were hierarchical it was characterized. From 1860 1912: song, yuan, ming & qing dynasties. A revolutionary state diplomacy as ideology. But rising tensions taiwan strait, korea, ussr split & india war. Angry isolation diplomatic shutdown & soviet conflict. Great leap forward (1958) industrialization, collectivization & mass mobilization (steel & agriculture) mass starvation (at least 30 million dead) Anti intellectual, xenophobic, chaotic: purges, red guards & mao"s little red. Kissinger & nixon visits (1972) anti soviet cooperation. China & the int"l. order diplomatic normalization & recognition, membership of. Mao"s death & the gang of four. Market economy: wealth is glorious, cats & mice . Contributing factors end of cold war & deng"s reforms. Immediate context student (pro democracy) protests & ccp power struggle.
