HUMB1000 Final: Plasma Membrane and Cellular Respiration
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10 Jun 2018
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Structure of Plasma Membrane
Transport proteins
• Channel proteins
• Only molecules with certain sizes, shape and charge can pass through
• Non-gated ion channels – always open
• Gated ion channels – open or closed by certain stimuli
• Carrier protein
• Specific binding sites
• Uniport, symport, antiport
• ATP powered transport
• Requires ATP
• Transport against conc. Gradient
• E.g. Sodium potassium pump
Diffusion and Osmosis
• Solute: Dissolved substance in a solution, e.g. glucose, sucrose, ions (Na+, K+, Cl-)
• Solvent: Liquid that holds solutes Generally water
• Solution: Mixture formed when solute dissolved in solvent
• Osmosis
Process
Description
Molecules
included
Conc.
gradient
Energy
required
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Document Summary
Diffusion and osmosis: solute: dissolved substance in a solution, e. g. glucose, sucrose, ions (na+, k+, cl-, solvent: liquid that holds solutes generally water, solution: mixture formed when solute dissolved in solvent, osmosis. The movement of lipid soluble molecules/ions from an area of higher conc. to an area of lower conc. The movement of water molecules from an area of higher conc. to an area of lower conc. across a semipermeable membrane. The movement of substance from an area of low conc. to an area of high conc. which requires energy. The movement of water soluble molecules from an area of higher conc. to an area of lower conc. by channels and carrier proteins. Lipid soluble molecules & ions e. g. gases, hormones. Ions (na+ & k+), sugars (glucose), amino acids. Water soluble & electrically charged molecules e. g. amino acids. Where large molecules broken down to smaller molecules: anabolism. Where small molecules joined to form larger molecules: 3 stages, glycolysis.
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