HUMB2008 Study Guide - Final Guide: Flexor Digitorum Profundus Muscle, Articular Disk, Extensor Carpi Muscle
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lateral medial proximal |
Pelvic Dorsal Thoracic |
sagittal plane parasagittal plane frontal plane |
separates right and leftportions of the body misses the midline,separating right and left portions of unequal size separates anterior andposterior portions of the body |
Cell membrane Plasma membrane Plasmalemma |
oxygen lungs potassium |
lining the ducts thatdrain sweat glands lining kidneytubules lining the stomach at the surface of theskin |
stratum basale stratum granulosum stratum spinosum |
connective tissue muscle tissue neural tissue |
RNA molecule DNA molecule tRNA molecule |
neutral fats phospholipids fat-soluble vitamins |
tissue organ atom |
odor salt nitrates |
impetigo vitiligo ringworm |
Stratum corneum Stratum granulosum Stratum basale |
to heat the skin for evaporativecooling to get rid of bodywaste to elevate bodytemperature |
heats has no effect on dries the body |
terminal hair rrrector pili arrector pili |
periostesis mastication cartilage |
blood-formingclots. elastic tissue. Sharpey's fibers. |
epiphysis diaphysis metaphysis lamella |
fontanels lacunae sutures |
coccyx pubis iliac crest |
yellow bone marrow periosteum compact bone marrow |
tarsals metatarsals phalanges |
Inferior ramus Lesser sciaticnotch Superior body |
spinous process pedicles laminae |
nasal bones lacrimal bones maxillary bones |
lateral cuneiform cuboid calcaneus |
The humerus and theclavicle The scapula and theclavicle The humerus and theradius |
syndesmosis symphysis gomphosis |
produce red blood cells(hemopoiesis) provide a smooth surfaceat the ends of synovial joints form the synovialmembrane |
also are calledcollateral ligaments prevent hyperextension ofthe knee assist in defining therange of motion of the leg |
small sacs containingsynovial fluid semilunar cartilagepads tendon sheaths |
It contains lacticacid. It contains hyaluronicacid. It contains hydrochloricacid. |
What is the percent sequence identity between hemoglobin (2HHB) and myoglobin (1A6M)?
A. | 93% | |
B. | 39.46% | |
C. | 25.17% | |
D. | 4.08% |
QUESTION 2
Which of the following statements is consistent with the sequence similarity parameter?
A. | The abundance of amino acids with similar properties that are arranged in the same order is equal to the abundance of identical amino acids. | |
B. | These parameters are not related and cannot be compared. | |
C. | The abundance of amino acids with similar properties that are arranged in the same order is less than the abundance of identical amino acids. | |
D. | The abundance of amino acids with similar properties that are arranged in the same order is higher than the abundance of identical amino acids. |
QUESTION 3
Which of the following statements is consistent with the similarity parameter and visualization of the aligned structures?
A. | Hemoglobin and myoglobin do not have similar structures. | |
B. | Hemoglobin and myoglobin have only moderately similar structures, as indicated by the large abundance of gray chains. | |
C. | Hemoglobin and myoglobin have very similar structures. | |
D. | Hemoglobin and myoglobin are perfectly aligned at every amino acid. |
QUESTION 4
Hemoglobin (2HHB) is ___ amino acids shorter than myoglobin; the sequence alignment considers only ___ amino acids, and alignment results show that hemoglobin is missing a contiguous strand of ___ amino acids.
A. | 10; 141; 6 | |
B. | 10; 141; 5 | |
C. | 10; 147; 6 | |
D. | 10; 147; 5 |
QUESTION 5
Which of the following statements best describes the evolutionary relationship between hemoglobin and myoglobin?
A. | The low sequence identity indicates that hemoglobin and myoglobin are not related, as tertiary structure cannot be used to study protein evolution. | |
B. | Both the high sequence identity and structural similarity suggest that hemoglobin and myoglobin are related. | |
C. | The difference in sequence identity and similarity values suggests that hemoglobin and myoglobin are related. | |
D. | The high structural similarity suggests that hemoglobin and myoglobin are related, while the low sequence identity suggests that the genes for each protein have diverged through mutation and deletion of several amino acids. |
QUESTION 6
The comparison of sequences and tertiary structures in this exercise indicates that:
A. | only similar amino acid sequences can provide the same tertiary structure. | |
B. | different amino acid sequences can provide very similar tertiary structures. |
QUESTION 7
The structures of deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin are derived from the same source, have the same exact amino acid sequence and length, and differ only in the presence of noncovalently bound oxygen.
A. | True | |
B. | False |
QUESTION 8
When using the Sequencing and Structure Alignment tool, the degree of the structural similarity is shown by the superimposition of the backbones. Accordingly, which of the following statement best describes the comparison of deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin?
A. | Only slight differences in the backbone traces occur throughout the aligned proteins. | |
B. | The only differences in the backbone traces occur near the oxygen-binding sites. | |
C. | The backbone traces of the proteins are drastically different. | |
D. | The backbone traces of the proteins are identical. |
QUESTION 9
The alignment of 2HHB and 1HHO shows that the binding of oxygen results in _______ in the protein.
A. | minor conformational changes at sites proximal and distal to the oxygen-binding site | |
B. | no conformational change | |
C. | drastic conformational changes | |
D. | minor conformational changes only within the oxygen-binding site |
QUESTION 10
The alignment of 2HHB and 1HHO shows that the conformation of the Fe-heme group _____ upon oxygen binding.
A. | changes | |
B. | does not change |