BIO1011 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Mendelian Inheritance, Model Organism, Gamete
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Was successful due to choice of a good model organism and rigorous testing. The two alleles separate into the gametes. Each gamete has a 50% chance of inheriting either allele. Gametes combine at random to form the next generation. Each pair of alleles segregates independently of others when forming gametes. Can be used to determine the genotypes of parents or offspring using phenotypes. A do(cid:373)i(cid:374)a(cid:374)t phe(cid:374)otype(cid:859)s ge(cid:374)otype (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:271)e deter(cid:373)i(cid:374)ed (cid:271)y perfor(cid:373)i(cid:374)g a test (cid:272)ross with a recessive phenotype. If offspring with the recessive phenotype are present, then the dominant phenotype parent was heterozygous. Crosses where phenotypes of males and females are reversed. If the results are different when the genders are reversed then the trait is sex-linked. Often used to study inheritance in humans. Can be used to determine autosomal or x-linked, as well as dominant of recessive traits. Autosomal dominant: males and females equally affected, affected individuals in multiple generations, transmission by both sexes to both sexes.