BIO1022 Study Guide - Final Guide: Scurvy, Chemical Energy, Phospholipid

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25 Oct 2018
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May eat plant material, animal material, or plant/animal fluids. In humans, most nutrition is required for protein and lipids: chemical energy: atp production, organic building blocks: source of organic carbon and nitrogen, essential nutrients: amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. 50% of organic material in mammals is protein. Simple sugars are easily digested, complex sugars are harder to digest. Suspension feeders: feed by filtering food from water or air. Substrate feeders: live on or in their food source. Fluid feeders: drink fluid for nutrients e. g. blood or nectar. Bulk feeders: consume large amounts in one go. Different organisms have different digestion methods- intracellular and extracellular depending on organism complexity. Digestive compartments are also of varying complexity- with one opening or two, and with specialisation of parts of the alimentary canal. In humans, digestion begins in the mouth: salivary amylase breaks down carbohydrates, chewing starts mechanical digestion. Water and some vitamin absorption occurs in the large intestine.

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