PAC3351 Study Guide - Final Guide: Nicotine, Waking Hours, Cyclophosphamide
23 Jun 2018
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Differences between methadone and buprenorphine in the treatment of heroin dependence:
Route of administration (oral v sublingual)
Agonist and antagonist effects
Length of action
Level of supervision (monthly dispensing of Suboxone)
Safety profile
oSafety at induction
oRisk of polydrug use
Stigma
The three pillars of harm minimisation:
The framework of harm minimisation encompasses the three pillars of demand reduction, harm
reduction, and supply reduction. Harm minimisation seeks a balance between these elements, and is
regarded as an evidence-based and pragmatic approach.
Demand reduction
Prevent uptake and delay onset of drug use
Reduce use of drugs in the community
Support people to recover from dependence and reconnect with the community
–Education (targeted school, whole of population)
–Media campaigns (often poorly targeted)
–Brief Interventions
–Treatment
Supply Reduction
Policies and programs involving law enforcement agencies
Designed to curtail the manufacture and/or distribution of illicit drugs, i.e. aimed to reduce availability
of illicit drugs
–Project STOP (National Precursor Strategy)
–Rescheduling of pseudoephedrine, codeine, alprazolam
–Real-time prescription monitoring
–Border protection
–Darknet policing(eg shutting down Silk Road)
Harm Reduction
"Policies and programs which attempt primarily to reduce the adverse health, social and economic
consequences of mood altering substances to individuals drug users, their families and their
communities”
Evidence-based and cost-effective approach – bringing benefits to the individual, community and
society.Pragmatic: accepts that licit and illicit drug use is part of our world – total abstinence is
unrealistic
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