PAC3421 Study Guide - Final Guide: Diarrhea, Abdominal Pain, Anemia

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What are the main similarities and differences between IBD and IBS?
Similarities (Hint: focus “symptoms” only):
Some similar symptoms:
i) chronic abdominal pain
ii) bloating
iii) altering bouts of diarrhoea and constipation
iv) change in bowel habits
Differences:
IBD (i.e. “I” in IBD = inflammatory) IBS (i.e. “I” in IBS = irritable)
Both men and women 70% women
Leads to cancer Does not lead to cancer
2 forms:
UC
CD
4 forms:
IBS-C
IBS-D
IBS-A
IBS-PI
Due to genetic, infections, drugs, smoking (CD only) Due to stress? Over-reactive/sensitive to certain
food? Coeliac’s Disease
Abnormal physical examination Normal physical examination
Idiopathic (unknown causes) i) Early life influences: genetics, culture,
environment
ii) Psychological factors: stress,
personality, psychological state, social
support
iii) Physiology: motility, immune function,
microflora, food, diet
Some different symptoms: (imagine it as “more
serious” in IBD)
i) Weight loss (due to
malabsorption/malnutrition)
ii) Anaemia (due to iron deficiency)
iii) Obstructive symptoms
iv) Increase in C-reactive protein (due to
chronic inflammation)
v) Nocturnal diarrhoea in
vi) Blood in stool
vii) Fever
Not applicable
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Document Summary

Some similar symptoms: i) ii) iii) iv) chronic abdominal pain bloating altering bouts of diarrhoea and constipation change in bowel habits. Due to genetic, infections, drugs, smoking (cd only) Physiology: motility, immune function, microflora, food, diet factors: Some different symptoms: (imagine it as more serious in ibd) Not applicable i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) loss (due. Increase in c-reactive protein (due to chronic inflammation) It produces proenzymes such as trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen and enzymes such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase to aid in digestion. The produced proenzymes and enzymes are excreted into intestines. N/b: proenzymes are necessary to prevent the digestive enzymes from digesting the cells that produce them! It produces and excretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon into systemic circulation. Which of the following are not the general cause(s) of pancreatitis: gallstone, alcoholism, hyperlipidaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperglycaemia, drug-induced, d and e only, b and c only. As per causes of pancreatitis in lecture note.