PSY3032 Study Guide - Final Guide: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Nmda Receptor, Thought Disorder
21 Jun 2018
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Week 11 Schizophrenia
Definition:
Characterised by disturbances in thought, emotion and behaviour
-Disordered thinking- ideas not logically related
-Faculty perception and attention
-Lack of emotional expressiveness/inappropriate expressiveness
-Disruption in movement and behaviour e.g. dishelved appearance
Often withdraw from reality into delusions and hallucinations
Clinical descriptions of Schizophrenia
Positive symptoms: excesses and distortions, characterise acute episodes
Delusions- beliefs contrary to reality and firmly held despite disconfirming
evidence
Hallucinations- sensory experiences in absence of relevant stimulation from
environment (often auditory)
Negative symptoms: behavioural deficits, profound effects on life
Avolition- lack of motivation and seeming absence of interest/ inability to
persist in what are usually routine activities
Alogia- significant reduction in amount of speech
Anhedonia- loss if interest in/reported lessening of the experience of
pleasure
Blunted affect- lack of outward expression of emotions
Asociality- severe impairments in social relationships
Disorganised systems
Disorganised speech- problems organising ideas and in speaking so that
a listener can understand
Disorganised behaviour- inexplicable bouts of agitation, dress in unusual
clothes, act childlike, hoard food, collect garbage
Schizophrenia and the DSM-5
Schizophrenia
Schizoaffective disorder- schizophrenia + mood disorder
Delusional disorder- persistent delusions of persecution or delusional
jealously, unfounded conviction that spouse is unfaithful
Schizophreniform disorder- schizophrenia lasting 1-6 months
Brief psychotic disorder- lasts from 1 day – 1 month (brought by stress)
Etiology
Prevalence:
oPeak onset 14-28 years (male earlier)
oHigher in countries further from equator
Genetic factors:
oBehavioural genetic research:
-Family studies: relatives of people with- increased risk
-Risk increases as genetic relationship gets closer
-Twin studies- if genetics alone- both have it (MZ)
-Negative symptoms have stronger genetic component than positive
symptoms
-Familial high risk study- follows offspring to see if they develop it
oMolecular genetics research:
-Association studies: try to narrow in on specific genes
-Candidate genes: DTNBP1 (dopamine and glutamate)- implicated in
schizophrenia
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Characterised by disturbances in thought, emotion and behaviour. Disruption in movement and behaviour e. g. dishelved appearance. Often withdraw from reality into delusions and hallucinations. Positive symptoms: excesses and distortions, characterise acute episodes. Delusions- beliefs contrary to reality and firmly held despite disconfirming evidence. Hallucinations- sensory experiences in absence of relevant stimulation from environment (often auditory) Negative symptoms: behavioural deficits, profound effects on life. Avolition- lack of motivation and seeming absence of interest/ inability to persist in what are usually routine activities. Alogia- significant reduction in amount of speech. Anhedonia- loss if interest in/reported lessening of the experience of pleasure. Blunted affect- lack of outward expression of emotions. Disorganised speech- problems organising ideas and in speaking so that a listener can understand. Disorganised behaviour- inexplicable bouts of agitation, dress in unusual clothes, act childlike, hoard food, collect garbage. Delusional disorder- persistent delusions of persecution or delusional jealously, unfounded conviction that spouse is unfaithful.
