NUTR2101 Study Guide - Final Guide: Posterior Pituitary, Baroreceptor, Angiotensin
Sunday, 27 May, 2018
Water balance (BV & BP)
Aim to Increase BV thus increase BP
RAS constrict blood vessels increase BP; Aldosterone promotes Sodium reabsorption; Water
follows increase BP
Renin secreted from kidney
lung convert angiotensin I to II using ACE
liver produce angiotensinogen
Baroreceptor increase BP
Baroreceptor in hypothalamus detect low BP aka low BV
effect: Increase water retention in kidney thus increase BP
posterior pituitary gland secreted ADH
Alcohol inhibit ADH action Kidney adrenal cortex stimulate production of aldosterone
ANF lower BP
ANF secreted from cardiac myocytes from heart
effect: promote excretion of sodium thus water excretion; increase BV
Mineral absorption
Negatively Affected by
Phytic Acid from excess fibres binds with minerals
Oxalic Acid from leafy greens binds with minerals
Polyphennols and Tannins (Phytochemical) from back tea and coffee affect bioavailability of
Calcium and Iron
-Bioavailability affected by HCl (age)
*Vitamin D for calcium absorption
*Vitamin C for non-ahem absorption
Iron
Positively Affected by
Vitamin C increase non-haem iron absorption
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Sunday, 27 May, 2018
Mechanism
DMT1 for non-haem ; HCP1 for haem ; ferrireducase for 3+ to 2+; ferrioxidase/ hephastin for 2+
to 3+; transferrin for transportation of 3+ to tissues; ferritin for mucosal block; ferriportin for 2+
out of enterocytes; ceruloplasmin converts 2+ to 3+ in blood for transportation
Deficiency
microcytic hypochromic anaemia
spoon shaped nails
Excess absorption
Hemocromatosis (genetic condition)
Found in
Meat; Fish; Poultry; Dairy
Iodine
Negatively affected by
Selenium deficiency
Se is cofactor for enzyme DIO in converting T4 to T3 (active thyroid hormone)
Deficiency
Neurological cretinism
Development of Goiter
T4 circulation is low will increase TSH to get more T4 resulting Enlarge thyroid Gland
(hypertrophy and hyperplasia)
Needed for brain and nervous system development
Zinc
induce synthesis of metallothionin which acts a mucosal block slowing down zinc to
bloodstream
DNA synthesis
Protein metabolism
Immune system
oxidation reduction
part of superoxide dismutase
Found in iodised salt and seafood
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Document Summary
Ras constrict blood vessels increase bp; aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption; water follows increase bp. Renin secreted from kidney lung convert angiotensin i to ii using ace liver produce angiotensinogen. Baroreceptor in hypothalamus detect low bp aka low bv effect: increase water retention in kidney thus increase bp posterior pituitary gland secreted adh. Alcohol inhibit adh action kidney adrenal cortex stimulate production of aldosterone. Anf secreted from cardiac myocytes from heart effect: promote excretion of sodium thus water excretion; increase bv. Phytic acid from excess fibres binds with minerals. Oxalic acid from leafy greens binds with minerals. Polyphennols and tannins (phytochemical) from back tea and coffee affect bioavailability of. Se is cofactor for enzyme dio in converting t4 to t3 (active thyroid hormone) T4 circulation is low will increase tsh to get more t4 resulting enlarge thyroid gland (hypertrophy and hyperplasia) Zinc induce synthesis of metallothionin which acts a mucosal block slowing down zinc to bloodstream.
