PSYC231 Study Guide - Final Guide: Latency Stage, Anal Stage, Genital Stage
Monday, 11 June 2018
Psyc231 Exam Essay Study
Personality Biologically or Environment
-Erikson shows that it is biological as the stages which shape personality are
biologically predetermined (the stages come at certain points in life)!
-Bandura shows that personality and behaviour is learnt and influenced from the
environment around us!
Personality Development Stages
-Erikson (whole life)!
-Maslow (whole life)!
-Freud (childhood)!
•The five stages psychosexual stages in the Freudian theory of personality are
oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital!
•Oral stage is a fixation on/development of all oral habits and behaviours!
•Anal stage is related to toilet training!
•Phallic stage is the development of healthy sexual attraction!
•Latency stage is the development of healthy dormant sexual feelings!
•Genital stage is taking all tasks from previous stages and having healthy sexual
relations!
Personality Fixed, Change Debate
-
Compare/Contrast
-Erikson and Maslow?#
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Monday, 11 June 2018
Basic Info On Theories/Theorists
Erikson’s Lifetime Psychosocial Development!
-Similar to Freud’s theory but more extended as it does not just include libido!
-Timeline relates to an entire lifetime, not just childhood!
-Erikson believes that personality development is both biological and social!
-Ego identity —> conscious sense of self developed through social interaction!
-These psychosocial stages must be in order and are biologically predetermined!
-The progression through the stages is influenced by the success/failure in the
previous stages —> such as failure at one stage has a cascade effect on the next!
-Succeeding in each stage leads to ego strength and a failure sense of inadequacy!
-There are eight stages!
-Personality characteristics unfold at each stage, which help to develop the
individuals overall personality!
-Erikson felt that males and females were exploited by Western society roles!
-The eights stages are…!
•Infancy brings the trust vs mistrust stage!
•Toddler brings the autonomy vs shame/doubt stage!
•Early childhood brings the industry vs inferiority stage!
•Adolescence brings the identity vs role confusion stage!
•Young adulthood brings the intimacy vs isolation stage!
•Adulthood brings the generatively vs stagnation stage!
•Old age brings the ego integrity vs despair stage!
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs!
-Humanist theory!
-Interested in everyday happiness —> why do we live on a day to day basis?!
-Believes that there is no such thing as the perfect human being!
-Has a very positive view!
-Is a lifelong journey that takes into account cultural and individual differences that
may change over time!
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Document Summary
Erikson shows that it is biological as the stages which shape personality are biologically predetermined (the stages come at certain points in life) Bandura shows that personality and behaviour is learnt and in uenced from the environment around us. Similar to freud"s theory but more extended as it does not just include libido. Timeline relates to an entire lifetime, not just childhood. Erikson believes that personality development is both biological and social. Ego identity > conscious sense of self developed through social interaction. These psychosocial stages must be in order and are biologically predetermined. The progression through the stages is in uenced by the success/failure in the previous stages > such as failure at one stage has a cascade e ect on the next. Succeeding in each stage leads to ego strength and a failure sense of inadequacy. Personality characteristics unfold at each stage, which help to develop the individuals overall personality.
