AGEN2002 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Methionine, Avidin, Egg White

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Lecture1112(WK6)EGGS
Generalfactsabouteggs
● Longlived(1015years)
● Layseasonallyinresponsetoincreaseindaylight(photosensitive)
● Seasonalbreeders
● Eggconsumption,productionandvalueallrose
● GrocerysalesHighest→lowest:specialty,barnlaid,freerange,caged
● Batterycagehousingstillgloballypredominantmethodofeggproduction
● Nutritionallycompletefood
○ Protein,fat,vitamins,minerals(eggshellpotentialrichsourceofCa)
Summary
● Eggindustryexperiencingstronggrowth
● Productdifferentiationmostlydeterminedbyproductionsystem(consumerperception)
● Egghasinherentantispoilagesystems(physical&chemical)
● Eggqualityaffectedbybird,productionsystem,environmental&storageconditions
● Reputationasacompletefoodsourceisstrongsellingpoint
● Foodqualitymustfocusonmultiplepointsalongproductionsystem
Eggsproductionsupplychain
● Hatchery→pulletrearing→eggproduction(cage/freerange/barn/organic)→egg
grading&packaging(retail/processing/wholesale/export)
Monogastricanimals=singlechamberedstomach(e.g.chickens,pig)
Ruminants=4chamberedstomachs(cows,sheep)
Monogastricanimalfoodproduction
● Monogastricmeatproductionpredominates&isincreasingbothproportionally&in
volume
● Relativelycheaplyproduced,accessible,consideredhealthy(chickenespecially)
● Theseanimalsareproducedintensivelyondietscomprisedofgrains&proteinmeals
Factorsthatinfluenceeggweight
● Ageofbird
● Environment
● Diet
● Methionine
● Lighting
● Programmes
Formationofegg
● Formedgraduallyover25hours
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● Henhasonly1functionalovary(leftside),situatedinbodycavitynearbackbone
Functionsofvarioussectionsofhen’soviduct
● Funnel
○ Receivesyolkfromovary,fertilisationoccurshere
● Magnum
○ Albumen(eggwhite)issecreted&layeredaround
● Isthmus
○ Inner&outershellmembranesadded+water+mineralsalts
● Shellgland
○ Waterisaddedtomakeouterwhitethinner
○ Shellmaterial(CaCO3)isadded
○ Pigmentsforshellbrownadded
● Vagina/cloaca
○ Passesherebeforelaying
Eggstructure
● Yolk(23cm)=ovum,enclosedinthinwalledsac/follicle
○ Enclosedbyvitellinemembrane(thin)
○ Lipids&proteins
● Embryo
○ Floatsonuppermostsurfaceofyolk,beneathvitellinemembrane
● Albumen(eggwhite)liesaroundyolk
● 2membraneenclosealbumen
○ Fusedexceptatbluntend(airspace)
Eggshellstructure
● Mammillarylayer
● Palisade
● Pores
● Cuticle
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