CHEM1901 Study Guide - Final Guide: Buffer Solution, Cyclohexane Conformation, Chemical Shift

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30 Jul 2018
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Covalent bond sharing of electrons between atoms. Hydrogen atomic number: 1, mass: 1. 01, 1p+, 1 e- Two hydrogen atoms overlap atomic orbitals 1s orbitals and share a pair of electrons. The bond that forms has a circular cross section and is known as a sig(cid:373)a, -bond. The most stable configuration for any system is the lowest energy one. As such, at the hydrogen covalent bond length of 0. 74 , the bond energy is 436 kj/mol. That is, to break the bond of 1 mole of h2 molecules, 436 kj are required. Carbon a#6, mass=12. 01, 6p+, 6n, 6e- sp3 hybridisation can occur in carbon atoms. Structural isomers: same number and types of atoms. Displayed with the use of newman projections, the lowest energy conformations are those where the largest substituents are as far apart as possible usually 180 if there are two. The least stable and highest energy conformations are those where the largest substituents are overlapping.