PHIL2642 Study Guide - Final Guide: Subjective Validation, Venn Diagram, Penicillin
Document Summary
An argument: is a set of statements (claims) one of which is identified as a conclusion, and the rest are reasons (premises) that are meant to support the conclusion. An inference is made when you draw a conclusion from a premise. An argument is also an attempt to persuade someone else of the truth of one statement by putting forward at least one other, purportedly true, statement as evidence for it, or as a reason in support of it. Reasons then are the statements the truth of which is supposed to constitute a justification for supposing some other statement to be true. An assumption (or unstated premise) is a premise that is not made explicit (it is assumed to exist). These can sometimes reveal weaknesses in an argument that make the known premises look less convincing. Indications (logical signposting): words that are used to indicate a premise, are called premise indicators.
