400138 Study Guide - Final Guide: Oncotic Pressure, Eugenius Warming, Edema
22 Jun 2018
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SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 1
(Short answer questions for Final Exam will be taken from this list)
1. Explain pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and complications of myocardial
infarction.
Pathophysiology:
Atherosclerotic plaque rupture with thrombus formation in coronary
artery > acute critical reduction of blood supply.
Necrosis followed by inflammatory process which removes necrotic
muscle and replaces it with connective tissue (within 6 weeks).
Almost always LV, RV rare because less work carried out there.
Clinical features:
Moderate to severe crushing chest pain.
Pain often radiates into neck, lower jaw, through the back and along the
arms (usually left side).
Not relieved by rest (important distinction from angina).
Breathlessness, tiredness, sometimes fainting, nausea, pale skin,
sweating, tachycardia and hypotension.
Diagnosis:
ECG > changes in ST elevation (acute MI) or t-wave inversion or
development of Q wave (sign of previous MI).
Cardiac markers > elevated Troponin-T and Troponin-I and CK-MB.
Complications:
Acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock.
Arrhythmia.
Papillary muscle dysfunction.
Rupture of myocardial wall.
Ventricular aneurism.
Reactive pericarditis.
2. Compare and contrast hyperaemia and congestion in regard to causes,
pathophysiology and clinical features.
Hyperaemia is and active process whereas congrestion is a passive process.
Cause:
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Document Summary
Short answer questions for pathophysiology 1 (short answer questions for final exam will be taken from this list: explain pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and complications of myocardial infarction. Atherosclerotic plaque rupture with thrombus formation in coronary artery > acute critical reduction of blood supply. Necrosis followed by inflammatory process which removes necrotic muscle and replaces it with connective tissue (within 6 weeks). Almost always lv, rv rare because less work carried out there. Pain often radiates into neck, lower jaw, through the back and along the arms (usually left side). Not relieved by rest (important distinction from angina). Breathlessness, tiredness, sometimes fainting, nausea, pale skin, sweating, tachycardia and hypotension. Ecg > changes in st elevation (acute mi) or t-wave inversion or development of q wave (sign of previous mi). Cardiac markers > elevated troponin-t and troponin-i and ck-mb. Reactive pericarditis: compare and contrast hyperaemia and congestion in regard to causes, pathophysiology and clinical features.
