PHYL2001 Study Guide - Final Guide: Oncotic Pressure, Protein Catabolism, Blood Transfusion
PHYL2001: BLOOD 1
Females vs males:
-Females have lesser water because more adipocytes (no water)!
Fluids
-Majority of ļ¬uids in ECF is interstitial ļ¬uid (bulk of ECF)!
-followed by plasma then the lymph!
Organs
-Solid organs!
-(non solid organs example - blood)!
Lymph
-Lymph is plasma that managed to exit the blood !
-BV leaky to get exchange nutrients -> interstitial ļ¬uid!
-Leaked out of blood and sent back to blood by lymphatic system!
-70kg = 5L of blood!
Transfusion
-Typical transfusion - 500ml (1/10 of blood volume) !
-= 1 unit!
Blood composition
-most of blood is plasma (55%) and 45% is cells = mostly RBC!
-Serum = plasma with clotting factors removed!
Plasma
-Plasma is straw/yellow coloured!
-mostly water (some proteins like plasma proteins)!
-lots of salts (NaCl and bicarbonate)!
-main anion is Cl- (HCO3- is important in buļ¬ering in pH)!
-transport of nutrients/ - glucose, AA, FA and waste !
-urea (from protein catabolism) and bilirubin, CO2!
Immunoglobulins !
-are plasma proteins!
Fats !
-example not very water soluble when transported around blood!
-bound to protein (lipoprotein), better moving!
Hormones (steroids)
-Lipid soluble, not soluble in plasma (transported via protein) !
-eg. Fe2 quite soluble in plasma!!
Clotting factors: !
-ļ¬brinogen -> ļ¬brin = main component in clot!
-Blood proteins together with pH buļ¬ering help with colloid osmotic pressure balance!
Document Summary
Females have lesser water because more adipocytes (no water) Majority of uids in ecf is interstitial uid (bulk of ecf) Lymph is plasma that managed to exit the blood. Bv leaky to get exchange nutrients -> interstitial uid. Leaked out of blood and sent back to blood by lymphatic system. Typical transfusion - 500ml (1/10 of blood volume) Most of blood is plasma (55%) and 45% is cells = mostly rbc. Serum = plasma with clotting factors removed. Mostly water (some proteins like plasma proteins) Main anion is cl- (hco3- is important in bu ering in ph) Transport of nutrients/ - glucose, aa, fa and waste. Urea (from protein catabolism) and bilirubin, co2. Example not very water soluble when transported around blood. Lipid soluble, not soluble in plasma (transported via protein) Brinogen -> brin = main component in clot. Blood proteins together with ph bu ering help with colloid osmotic pressure balance.
