CHYS 2P10 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Language Module, Attribution Bias, Universal Grammar

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Scientific method: approach to testing beliefs that involves choosing a question, formulating a hypothesis, testing it, and then drawing a conclusion: Ex. (cid:498)when people consume vitamins, their life-expectancy is extended. (cid:499) Variables: attributes that vary across individuals and situations (age, sex, popularity) Independent variable: the experience that children in the experimental group receive and those in the control group do not receive. Ex. the amount of vitamins given to the group. Dependent variable: a behaviour measured to determine whether it is affected by exposure to the independent variable. Third-variable problem: concept that a correlation between two variables may stem from both being influenced by a third variable. Ex. gender, ethnicity, overall health may all affect life-expectancy. Control group: group of children who are not presented in the experience of interest but in other ways are treated similarly. Experimental group: group of children in an experimental design who are presented the experience of interest.