KINE 2P97 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Adenosine Triphosphate, Glycolysis, Glycogen
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
KINE 2P97
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
KINE 2P97
Muscle Physiology & Exercise Metabolism
Basic Nutrition and Energy and Expenditure
Carbohydrates
- Normal diet 40-50%
- very important for high intensity exercise
- Can only be stored in limited amounts
- Muscle glycogen depletion is highly associated with fatigue/exhaustion
- efore during and after
- estimated that athletes involved in rigorous training should eat more CHO
- glucose intake important during prolonged exercise (sports drink)
- very important in recovery to replenish glycogen
- 6-10 g/kg/d or ~70-80% of total calories
- 4 kcals/g
- Energy source: faster ATP synthesis
- carbohydrates
o ~70% of total calories for consistent high-intensity prolonged aerobic activity
o less for other types of activity (40-60%)
o important to maintain glycogen stores especially for repeated performance
Storage of Glycogen
- total CHO: ~500g/2000kcal
- muscle (~400g/80%)
- Liver (~100/20%)
- Plasma (<5/<1%) transport form glucose
- Structure
o Basic unit = hexose (C6H12O6)
- Glycogenesis (glycogen creation)
- Gluconeogenesis (glucose new making)
- Glycogenolysis (glycogen breakdown)
Types
- Monosaccharide
- Disaccharide
- Polysaccharide
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Protein
- 0.8-1.7 g/kg/day depending on activity
- some populations may require more
- 4 kcals/g
Structure
- dipeptide 2 amino acids
- tripeptide 3 amino acids
- polypeptide 50-100 amino acids
- protein > 100 amino acids
- amino group (-NH2)
- organic/carboxylic acid (-COOH)
Calculations
- For a 70kg person
o Sedentary
▪ 70 x 0.84 = 58.8 g/day
o elite endurance
▪ 70 x 1.6 = 112 g/day
o resistance training/moderate endurance training
▪ 70 x 1.2 = 84 g/day
o average daily intake = ~96g/day
Optimal Nutrition
- Match energy expenditure
o basal metabolic rate + activity level
- Eat a balanced diet
- no speial needs for athletes
- Carbohydrates: 7-10 g/kg/d
o Special attention to replenishing CHO stores
- Protein: 0.8-1.7 g/kg/d
o activity dependant
- Lipids: <30%; <10% saturated
o avoid trans-fatty acids; enhance good fatty acids in diet
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
