[PHIL 1301] - Midterm Exam Guide - Ultimate 23 pages long Study Guide!

• School: Carleton University
• Department: Philosophy
• Course: PHIL 1301
• Professor: karinavold

Document Summary

Philosophers use arguments to persuade others or present reasons to accept a conclusion. Needs to be a proposition that can be assessed as true and false. Truth of premises should guarantee truth of conclusion ~ if premise is true, conclusion must be true. Modus ponens: p = q, p, therefore q. Premise 1: all men are moral (p=q) C: therefore, s is a g (therefore q) If john is at a part(cid:455) the(cid:374) e(cid:373)il(cid:455) (cid:449)o(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e (p=q) Fallacy: affirming the consequent (second half of proposition) (invalid reasoning) If joh(cid:374) is at a part(cid:455) the(cid:374) e(cid:373)il(cid:455) (cid:449)o(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e. Fallacy: denying the antecedent (comes after if) (invalid reasoning) Ca(cid:374)"t guara(cid:374)tee e(cid:373)il(cid:455) (cid:449)ill (cid:271)e at the part(cid:455) If joh(cid:374) is at a part(cid:455) the(cid:374) e(cid:373)il(cid:455) (cid:449)o(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e p=q antecedent. If joh(cid:374) is at a part(cid:455) the(cid:374) e(cid:373)il(cid:455) (cid:449)o(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e (p= q) Therefore, john is not at the party (therefore p) Disjunctive syllogism: p or q p or q.