MICI 2100 Midterm: MICI2100 Part 2

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Is mostly non-self reactive, but tolerates some self reactivity (cancer, autoimmune diseases) Is tightly regulated to prevent letting you get sick. New discoveries about the immune system quite frequently. Cells are present: in blood (leukocytes/wbc), throughout tissues, in organized lymphatic tissues. A number of clotting factors, that accelerate the breakdown of c3 into c3a and c3b. Complement: a cascade of serum proteins c1 to c9; most important are c1, c3ab, c5ab, c9. C3a binds to mast cells and activates them. C3b binds to macrophages and activates them. Many bacteria possess polysaccharides on their surface to protect themselves, but these come off of the surface and stimulate the immune response. Many bacteria possess runs of cytosine and guanine in their dna but this is unusual in humans, Cpg (cid:272)a(cid:374)(cid:859)t (cid:396)e(cid:272)og(cid:374)ize a spe(cid:272)ifi(cid:272) a(cid:374)tige(cid:374) (cid:271)ut (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:396)e(cid:272)og(cid:374)ize it as (cid:271)a(cid:272)te(cid:396)ia. Lps and cpg motifs are called pathogen associated molecular patterns.

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