SUST 2001 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Marxism, Cold War, Capitalism
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
SUST 2001
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
IR starts about 90 years ago
Interwar Period: Idealism
Can be reductionist
Reduce a state to a single "personality"
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End of WWI - the League of Nations is created
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The US at this point is not a traditional empire, but is a key player
The US, under Woodrow Wilson, act to prevent another WW
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After WWI the Austro-hungarian Empire is divided, the Middle East is split
up, and Poland is created as a state between Russia and Germany
France and British did this vindictively
US not happy - they were idealistic and thought we could work
together and give up empires
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US's idealism only really leads to LON
They do not participate due to their disgust of France/England
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LON is viewed as a failure
Leads to:
American Isolationsim
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German bankruptcy
Rise of Nazi Germany
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Rise of Facist Italy, Militant Japan and the Soviet Union
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Great Depression
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WWII
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Idealism is critiqued
Critics believe that we live in a social "darwanist" world
States will not get along
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Origins: Realism
Begins after WWII
Draws upon Ancient, Medevial and Enlightenment History or Interstate
relations
Sun Tzu - Art of War
Every battle is won before it is fought
Can be determined based on who had power before
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Thucydides
"The strong do what they have to do and the weak accept
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Lecture 1: Three Primary Paradigms
Tuesday, January 9, 2018
11:34 AM
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
"The strong do what they have to do and the weak accept
what they have to accept"
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Machiavelli
It is better to be feared than loved
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Hobbes
State of Nature (Anarchy)
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Cold War: Realism
Realism is the dominate theory during the Cold War
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Nuclear weapons leads to MAD
Changes the paradigm
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Very reductionist
Important analogy in Realism
States are Billard Balls on the global stage
Does not matter what is inside (democratic, authoritarian
etc.)
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Instead cares only about the trajectory of balls on a table,
and how they interact
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By late 1970s, Realism becomes Neo-Realism
Idea of the Balance of Power
In Cold War there are 2 alliances that balance each other states
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact
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They act as two ends of a spectrum, with other states in-
between
The remaining states becomes the non-alliance
movement, but ar fought over by NATO and the
Warsaw Pact
In an attempt to shift the balance of power
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Offensive and Defensive Realism
Defensive - balances are looking to protect themselves
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Offensive - balances are looking to be the aggressor
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Has been like this since the start of tribes - the conditions
change but not the system
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Hegemonic War
Every once and a while there is a war significant enough that
it shakes up the foundations of the system
Leads to rebalancing
Palpitation War, Spartan War, Punic Wars,
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Eg. WWII leads to a balance between US and
USSR
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Realism is born from US trying to figure out how to be during the Cold
War
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find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
