BIOL 201 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Net Energy Gain, Endergonic Reaction, Activation Energy
20 Feb 2018
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Lectures 1-3: energy, cytoplasm, g, equilibrium and keq. Free energy: g: g = h t s. S is entropy, the measure of disorder in a system. The change of free energy determines whether a reaction will react spontaneously or not. The smaller the g (i. e. the bigger the negative number), the better the reaction: g = final g initial g, g < 0: There is a net release of free energy (favourable rx) There is a net gain of free energy (not favourable rx) Standard free energy change: g0": g0": free energy change at normal conditions: Concentrations = 1 m: g0" are additive: g0" a c = g0" a b + g0" b c. Releasing free energy in chemical reactions requires an activation energy to reach a transition state: transition state: state of highest energy in a reaction, rate-determining factor. Exergonic rx: old bonds are broken to form new, lower energy bonds. Endergonic rx: old bonds are not broken.
